@article{Misra_2022, place={Edmonton, Canada}, title={Sanskrit Recension of Persian Astronomy: The computation of true declination in Nityānanda’s Sarvasiddhāntarāja}, volume={10}, url={https://journals.library.ualberta.ca/hssa/index.php/hssa/article/view/75}, DOI={10.18732/hssa75}, abstractNote={<p>In the history of exchanges between Islamicate and Sanskrit astral sciences, Nityānanda's <em>Siddhāntasindhu</em> (<em>c.</em> early 1630s), composed at the court of the Mughal emperor Shāh Jahān (r. 1628─58), is among the earliest examples of a Persian astronomical text translated into Sanskrit. In an earlier study, <a href="https://doi.org/10.18732/hssa64" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Misra (2021)</a> described the sociohistorical context in which Nityānanda translated Mullā Farīd's <em>Zīj-i Shāh Jahānī</em> (<em>c.</em> 1629/30) into Sanskrit, and among other things, provided parallel comparative editions, with English translations, of the Persian and Sanskrit text describing the computation of true declination of a celestial object.</p> <p>While Misra's paper focused on the linguistic aspects of the translation process, the present paper studies the mathematics of the three methods of computing the true declination vis-à-vis Nityānanda's recension of his Sanskrit translations from his germinal <em>Siddhāntasindhu</em> to his <em>chef d'œuvre,</em> the <em>Sarvasiddhāntarāja</em> (1638). The paper begins by discussing the transformation of the Sanskrit text from the <em>Siddhāntasindhu</em> Part II.6 to the <em>spaṣṭakrāntyadhikāra '</em>topic of true declination' in the <em>gaṇitādhyāya '</em>chapter on computations' (henceforth identified as I.<em>spa·krā</em>) of his <em>Sarvasiddhāntarāja</em>. The metrical verses of <em>Sarvasiddhāntarāja </em>I.<em>spa·krā</em> are edited and translated into English for the very first time. A large part of this paper focuses on the technical (mathematical) analysis of the three methods of true declination, and includes detailed explanatory and historical notes. The paper also includes several technical appendices and an indexed glossary of technical terms.</p>}, journal={History of Science in South Asia}, author={Misra, Anuj}, year={2022}, month={Aug.}, pages={68–168} }