ANALYSIS OF THE DATASET FROM ZHENG ET AL. (2018) WITH ADDITION OF Datai yingliangis AND AFTER 14-TAXON DELETION (DELETING TAXA <20% COMPLETE FROM THE ANALYSIS) Tree length = 568 Consistency index (CI) = 0.3961 Homoplasy index (HI) = 0.6039 CI excluding uninformative characters = 0.3842 HI excluding uninformative characters = 0.6158 Retention index (RI) = 0.6449 Rescaled consistency index (RC) = 0.2555 /-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Lesothosaurus diagnosticus | | /--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Scelidosaurus harrisonii | | | | /--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Huayangosaurus taibaii | | | | | | /----- Animantarx ramaljonesi | | | | | | | +----- Niobrarasaurus coleii | | | | | | | +----- Pawpawsaurus campbelli | | | /---61 ----96 | | | +----- Polacanthus foxii | | | | | | | | | +----- Sauropelta edwardsi | | | /----62 | | | | | | \----- Silvisaurus condrayi | | | /---63 | | | | | | \---------- Hungarosaurus tormai | | | | | | | | /---64 \---------------- Tatankacephalus cooneyorum | | | | | | | | /---65 \--------------------- Struthiosaurus austriacus \---95 | | | | | | \-------------------------- Panoplosaurus mirus | | | | | +------------------------------- "Denversaurus" schlessmani | | /----66 | | | +------------------------------- Edmontonia rugosidens | | | | | | /---67 +------------------------------- Edmontonia longiceps | | | | | | | | | \------------------------------- Europelta carbonensis | | /-----------------------------68 | | | | | \------------------------------------- Peloroplites cedrimontanus | | | | | | | \------------------------------------------ Gastonia burgei | | | | | | /-------------------------------------------------------------------- Cedarpelta bilbeyhallorum | | | | | | | +-------------------------------------------------------------------- Chuanqilong chaoyangensis | | | | | | | | /----- Crichtonpelta benxiensis | | | | /--------------------------------------------------69 | | | | | \----- Jinyunpelta sinensis \----94 | | | | | | | /----- Pinacosaurus grangeri | /---89 | | /----------------------------------------70 | | | | | | \----- Pinacosaurus mephistocephalus | | | | | | | | | | | | /---------- Saichania (including T. teresae | | | | | | | | | | | | | /----72 /----- Tarchia kielanae (skull=Minotaur | | | | | | | \---71 | | | | /----85 /---83 /------------------------73 \----- Zaraapelta nomadis | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | \---------------- Tsagantegia longicranialis | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | /----- Talarurus plicatospineus | | | | | | | | | /------------------------74 | | \---88 | | | | | | \----- Nodocephalosaurus kirtlandensis | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | \---82 | /----- Ankylosaurus magniventris | | | | | | | | /---75 | | | | | | | | | \----- Euoplocephalus tutus | /----90 | | \---84 | /----80 /----76 | | | | | | | | | /---77 \---------- Scolosaurus cutleri | | | +---87 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | /---78 \---------------- Anodontosaurus lambei | | | | | | \---81 | | | | | | | | | | \---79 \--------------------- Zuul cruravastator | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | \-------------------------- Ziapelta sanjuanensis | | | | | | | | | | | | | \------------------------------------- Dyoplosaurus acutosquameus | | | | | | | /---91 | | | \---------------------------------------------------- Datai yinliangis | | | | | | | | | | | | /----- Gobisaurus domoculus | | | | | \--------------------------------------------------------86 | | | | | \----- Shamosaurus scutatus | | | | | | /---92 | | \-------------------------------------------------------------------- Liaoningosaurus paradoxus | | | | | | | | | \------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Gargoyleosaurus parkpinorum | | | | \---93 | \------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Hylaeosaurus armatus | | | \----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Kunbarrasaurus ieversi | \---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Mymoorapelta maysi ACCTRAN Character change lists: Character CI Steps Changes ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 (Antorbital fenestra: present (0) absent (1).) 1.000 1 node_94 0 --> 1 node_93 2 (Lateral temporal fenestra, visible in lateral view: visible (0), not visible (1)) 0.333 1 node_66 0 ==> 1 Edmontonia longiceps 1 node_89 0 ==> 1 node_88 1 node_92 0 ==> 1 Kunbarrasaurus ieversi 3 (Supratemporal fenestra: open (0), closed (1).) 1.000 1 node_94 0 --> 1 node_93 4 (Skull dimensions, including ornamentation: longer than wide (0), as wide, or wid) 0.333 1 node_88 0 ==> 1 Chuanqilong chaoyangensis 1 node_84 0 ==> 1 node_83 1 node_73 1 ==> 0 Tsagantegia longicranialis 5 (Width of the posterior margin of the skull (including squamosal horns where appl) 1.000 1 node_68 0 ==> 1 node_67 6 (Antorbital region of the dorsal skull surface: flat (0), arched (1).) 0.167 1 node_65 0 ==> 1 Panoplosaurus mirus 1 node_68 0 ==> 1 Gastonia burgei 1 node_69 0 ==> 1 Crichtonpelta benxiensis 1 node_83 0 ==> 1 node_70 1 node_80 0 ==> 1 node_79 1 node_87 0 ==> 1 node_86 7 (Deep longitudinal furrow on premaxilla: absent (0), present (1).) 0.500 1 node_84 0 ==> 1 Datai yinliangis 1 node_87 0 ==> 1 node_86 8 (Ornamentation on premaxillary beak: absent (0), present (1)) 0.250 1 node_62 0 ==> 1 Hungarosaurus tormai 1 node_68 0 ==> 1 Gastonia burgei 1 node_85 0 --> 1 node_69 1 node_73 0 ==> 1 node_72 9 (Premaxillary sinus: absent (0), present (1)) 1.000 1 node_90 0 --> 1 node_89 10 (Dimensions of premaxillary palate: longer than wide (0), wider than long (1).) 0.200 1 node_94 0 --> 1 node_93 1 node_66 1 --> 0 node_65 1 node_89 1 --> 0 node_88 1 node_87 0 --> 1 node_85 1 node_84 1 --> 0 Datai yinliangis 11 (Shape of the premaxillary palate: sub-triangular (0), sub-quadrate (1), sub-ova) 0.667 1 node_94 0 --> 1 node_93 1 node_67 1 ==> 2 node_66 1 node_84 1 ==> 0 Datai yinliangis 12 (V or U-shaped median indentation of the anterior margin of the premaxilla: abse) 0.250 1 node_94 0 --> 1 node_93 1 node_67 1 ==> 0 node_66 1 node_62 0 ==> 1 Hungarosaurus tormai 1 node_78 1 ==> 0 Zuul cruravastator 13 (Caudoventral extension of premaxillary tomium in lateral view: ends anteriorly ) 0.333 1 node_63 0 ==> 1 Tatankacephalus cooneyorum 1 node_68 0 ==> 1 Gastonia burgei 1 node_87 0 --> 1 node_85 14 (Bone bordering anterior margin of internal nares: premaxilla (0), maxilla (1).) 0.333 1 node_90 0 ==> 1 node_89 1 node_66 1 --> 0 node_65 1 node_83 1 --> 0 node_70 15 (External nares, defined as the outermost rim of the nasal vestibule, opening fa) 0.667 1 node_69 0 ==> 1 Crichtonpelta benxiensis 1 node_84 0 ==> 1 node_83 1 node_75 1 ==> 2 Ankylosaurus magniventris 16 (External nares, visible in dorsal view: visible (0), hidden (1).) 0.200 1 node_61 0 ==> 1 Pawpawsaurus campbelli 1 node_89 0 --> 1 node_88 1 node_69 1 ==> 0 Crichtonpelta benxiensis 1 node_83 1 ==> 0 node_70 1 node_73 1 ==> 0 Tsagantegia longicranialis 17 (Paranasal apertures/fossae: no fossae or apertures present besides primary open) 0.333 1 node_85 0 --> 1 node_69 1 node_83 0 ==> 1 node_70 1 node_73 0 ==> 1 node_72 18 (Shape of respiratory passage: straight or arched (0), with anterior (rostral) a) 1.000 1 node_90 0 --> 1 node_89 19 (Vascular impressions on dorsal surface of posterior nasal passage (airway): abs) 1.000 1 node_80 0 --> 1 node_79 20 (Frontonasal and/or frontoparietal cranial ornamentation: absent (0) rugose, not) 0.400 1 node_94 0 --> 2 node_93 1 node_90 2 --> 1 node_89 1 node_68 1 --> 2 node_67 1 node_61 2 ==> 1 Niobrarasaurus coleii 1 node_83 1 ==> 2 node_82 21 (Number of caputegulae in frontonasal and prefrontal region: no caputegulae (0),) 0.500 1 node_68 0 --> 1 node_67 1 node_61 1 ==> 0 Niobrarasaurus coleii 1 node_61 1 ==> 2 Pawpawsaurus campbelli 1 node_83 0 --> 2 node_82 1 node_82 2 --> 3 node_81 1 node_90 0 ==> 2 Gargoyleosaurus parkpinorum 22 (Majority of frontonasal and/or frontoparietal caputegulum relief: caputegulae a) 0.286 1 node_68 0 ==> 1 node_67 1 node_61 1 ==> 0 Niobrarasaurus coleii 1 node_61 1 ==> 2 Pawpawsaurus campbelli 1 node_83 0 ==> 1 node_82 1 node_73 1 ==> 2 node_72 1 node_80 1 ==> 2 node_74 1 node_90 0 ==> 1 Gargoyleosaurus parkpinorum 23 (Domed frontonasal caputegulae: domed caputegulae absent (0), rounded cones with) 0.667 1 node_61 0 ==> 1 Pawpawsaurus campbelli 1 node_73 0 ==> 2 node_72 1 node_80 0 ==> 1 node_74 24 (Supranarial caputegulae, notch or embayment dorsal to nasal vestibule: no supra) 0.500 1 node_68 0 --> 1 node_67 1 node_84 0 ==> 1 node_83 1 node_70 1 ==> 2 Pinacosaurus grangeri 1 node_90 0 ==> 1 Gargoyleosaurus parkpinorum 25 (Number of internarial caputegulae: none (0), 1 (1), more than 1 (2).) 0.500 1 node_66 0 ==> 1 node_65 1 node_73 0 --> 1 node_72 1 node_72 1 --> 2 node_71 1 node_90 0 ==> 1 Gargoyleosaurus parkpinorum 26 (Median nasal caputegulum (located posterior to the supranarial ornamentation, o) 1.000 1 node_80 0 ==> 1 node_79 27 (Loreal caputegulum in lateral view: no caputegulum (0) 1 caputegulum (1), more ) 0.500 1 node_68 0 --> 1 node_67 1 node_65 1 --> 2 node_64 1 node_84 0 --> 1 node_83 1 node_72 1 ==> 2 node_71 28 (Shape of the maxillary tooth row: straight (0), medially convex (1).) 0.167 1 node_68 0 --> 1 node_67 1 node_66 1 --> 0 node_65 1 node_61 0 --> 1 Pawpawsaurus campbelli 1 node_87 0 --> 1 node_85 1 node_84 1 --> 0 Datai yinliangis 1 node_92 0 ==> 1 Kunbarrasaurus ieversi 29 (Maxillary tooth row position: lateral margin of skull (0), inset (1).) 1.000 1 node_96 0 --> 1 node_95 30 (Distance between posteriormost extent of maxillary tooth rows relative to the w) 0.200 1 node_89 0 ==> 1 node_68 1 node_63 1 --> 0 node_62 1 node_84 0 ==> 1 node_83 1 node_72 1 ==> 0 Saichania (including T. teresae 1 node_75 1 ==> 0 Ankylosaurus magniventris 31 (Caudoventral secondary palate: absent (0), present (1)) 0.250 1 node_96 0 --> 1 node_95 1 node_63 1 ==> 0 node_62 1 node_66 1 ==> 0 Europelta carbonensis 1 node_88 1 ==> 0 Cedarpelta bilbeyhallorum 32 (Posterior palatal foramen: absent (0), present (1).) 0.500 1 node_85 0 ==> 1 node_84 1 node_73 1 ==> 0 Tsagantegia longicranialis 33 (Gap between palate and braincase: open (0), closed by a dorsal projection of th) 1.000 1 node_94 0 --> 1 node_93 34 (Lacrimal incisure (mediolateral constriction behind the nares/at the prefrontal) 0.500 1 node_70 0 ==> 1 Pinacosaurus grangeri 1 node_72 0 ==> 1 node_71 35 (Lacrimal caputegulum in lateral view: no caputegulum (0) 1 caputegulum (1), mor) 0.667 1 node_68 0 --> 1 node_67 1 node_85 0 ==> 1 node_84 1 node_72 1 ==> 2 node_71 36 (Prefrontal caputegulum: no caputegulum (0) flat (1), sharply pointed and pyrami) 0.333 1 node_68 0 --> 1 node_67 1 node_84 0 ==> 1 node_83 1 node_70 1 ==> 2 Pinacosaurus grangeri 1 node_72 1 ==> 2 node_71 1 node_78 1 ==> 2 Zuul cruravastator 1 node_90 0 ==> 1 Gargoyleosaurus parkpinorum 37 (Scroll-like descending process of the frontal: absent (0) present (1)) 1.000 1 node_83 0 ==> 1 node_82 38 (Form of supraorbitals (including ornamentation): absent (0), boss-like, rounded) 0.500 1 node_94 0 --> 2 node_93 1 node_90 2 ==> 1 node_89 1 node_87 1 ==> 2 node_85 1 node_81 2 ==> 1 Dyoplosaurus acutosquameus 39 (Supraorbitals, when viewed dorsally: no supraorbitals (0), combine to form cont) 0.400 1 node_94 0 --> 1 node_93 1 node_69 1 ==> 2 Crichtonpelta benxiensis 1 node_70 1 ==> 2 Pinacosaurus grangeri 1 node_72 1 ==> 2 node_71 1 node_74 1 ==> 2 Nodocephalosaurus kirtlandensis 40 (Orbits, angle of orbital axis: <40 (0), >40 (1).) 0.143 1 node_66 0 ==> 1 Edmontonia rugosidens 1 node_87 0 ==> 1 node_85 1 node_71 1 ==> 0 Zaraapelta nomadis 1 node_73 1 ==> 0 Tsagantegia longicranialis 1 node_80 1 --> 0 node_74 1 node_75 1 ==> 0 Ankylosaurus magniventris 1 node_77 1 ==> 0 Anodontosaurus lambei 41 (Ciliary osteoderm (eyelid ossification): absent (0) present (1)) 0.500 1 node_61 0 ==> 1 Pawpawsaurus campbelli 1 node_82 0 ==> 1 node_81 42 (Development of the postocular shelf: not developed (0), completely separating o) 0.500 1 node_94 0 --> 1 node_93 1 node_67 1 ==> 0 Peloroplites cedrimontanus 43 (Proportions of jugal orbital ramus: depth greater than transverse breadth (0), ) 1.000 1 node_96 0 --> 1 node_95 44 (Depth of jugal ramus relative to orbit height: jugal height is less than 15% or) 0.200 1 node_96 0 --> 1 node_95 1 node_94 1 --> 0 Huayangosaurus taibaii 1 node_62 1 ==> 0 Hungarosaurus tormai 1 node_83 1 ==> 0 node_70 1 node_71 1 ==> 0 Tarchia kielanae (skull=Minotaur 45 (Accessory postorbital ossification: absent (0), present (1)) 1.000 1 node_71 0 ==> 1 Tarchia kielanae (skull=Minotaur 46 (Squamosal/postorbital horn: no horn (0) base has broad triangular cross-section) 0.222 1 node_94 0 --> 1 node_93 1 node_68 1 ==> 0 node_67 1 node_65 0 --> 1 node_64 1 node_61 1 --> 0 Animantarx ramaljonesi 1 node_61 1 --> 0 Silvisaurus condrayi 1 node_66 0 ==> 1 Europelta carbonensis 1 node_85 1 --> 0 node_69 1 node_70 1 ==> 2 Pinacosaurus mephistocephalus 1 node_71 1 ==> 2 Tarchia kielanae (skull=Minotaur 47 (Shape of jugal/quadratojugal horn in dorsal view: quadratojugal horn absent (0)) 0.667 1 node_94 0 --> 2 node_93 1 node_68 2 ==> 1 node_67 1 node_61 1 ==> 2 Polacanthus foxii 48 (Jugal/quadratojugal horn: no horn (0) lacks distinct neck at base (1), has dist) 0.500 1 node_94 0 --> 1 node_93 1 node_69 1 ==> 0 Crichtonpelta benxiensis 1 node_70 1 ==> 2 Pinacosaurus mephistocephalus 1 node_71 1 ==> 2 Tarchia kielanae (skull=Minotaur 49 (Jugal or quadratojugal horn size relative to orbit size: no horn (0), length of) 0.667 1 node_94 0 --> 1 node_93 1 node_83 1 ==> 2 node_82 1 node_87 1 ==> 2 node_86 50 (Small (<2 cm diameter), circular caputegulae posterolateral to orbit (postocula) 0.333 1 node_73 0 ==> 1 node_72 1 node_79 0 ==> 1 node_78 1 node_76 1 ==> 0 node_75 51 (Form of the parietal surface: parietals flat to slightly convex (0), parietals ) 0.333 1 node_61 0 ==> 1 Sauropelta edwardsi 1 node_88 0 ==> 1 node_87 1 node_84 1 ==> 0 Datai yinliangis 52 (A single large medial polygon of ornamentation in the parietal region: absent () 1.000 1 node_67 0 ==> 1 node_66 53 (Number of discrete nuchal caputegulae: none (0), 2 (1), greater than 2(2)) 0.400 1 node_64 0 ==> 1 Struthiosaurus austriacus 1 node_85 0 ==> 1 node_84 1 node_71 1 ==> 0 Zaraapelta nomadis 1 node_82 1 ==> 2 node_81 1 node_86 0 ==> 1 Shamosaurus scutatus 54 (Posterior projection of the nuchal shelf: does not obscure occiput in dorsal vi) 0.250 1 node_66 0 ==> 1 Europelta carbonensis 1 node_67 0 ==> 1 Peloroplites cedrimontanus 1 node_89 0 --> 1 node_88 1 node_72 1 ==> 0 node_71 55 (Shape of quadrate in lateral aspect: curved (anteriorly convex, posteriorly con) 0.333 1 node_92 0 --> 1 node_91 1 node_66 1 --> 0 node_65 1 node_61 0 ==> 1 Pawpawsaurus campbelli 56 (Inclination of quadrate in lateral aspect: near vertical (0), almost 45 anterol) 0.250 1 node_65 0 --> 1 node_64 1 node_66 0 ==> 1 Edmontonia longiceps 1 node_68 0 ==> 1 Gastonia burgei 1 node_88 0 --> 1 node_87 1 node_70 1 ==> 0 Pinacosaurus mephistocephalus 1 node_71 1 ==> 0 Tarchia kielanae (skull=Minotaur 1 node_86 1 --> 0 Shamosaurus scutatus 1 node_90 0 ==> 2 Gargoyleosaurus parkpinorum 57 (Form of the anterior surface of the quadrate: transversely concave (0), not con) 0.333 1 node_95 0 --> 1 node_94 1 node_61 1 ==> 0 Pawpawsaurus campbelli 1 node_64 1 ==> 0 Struthiosaurus austriacus 58 (Ventral projection of the mandibular process of the quadrate in lateral view: p) 0.250 1 node_66 0 ==> 1 Europelta carbonensis 1 node_85 0 ==> 1 node_84 1 node_71 1 ==> 0 Tarchia kielanae (skull=Minotaur 1 node_92 0 --> 1 Kunbarrasaurus ieversi 59 (Form of quadrate mandibular extremity: symmetrical (0), medial condyle larger t) 0.500 1 node_96 0 --> 1 node_95 1 node_68 1 ==> 0 Gastonia burgei 60 (Inclination of the articular surface of the quadrate condyle in posterior view:) 0.333 1 node_95 0 ==> 1 node_94 1 node_62 1 ==> 0 Hungarosaurus tormai 1 node_67 1 ==> 0 Peloroplites cedrimontanus 61 (Lateral ramus of the quadrate: present (0), absent (1).) 0.500 1 node_95 0 ==> 1 node_94 1 node_66 1 ==> 0 "Denversaurus" schlessmani 62 (Dorsoventral depth of the pterygoid process of the quadrate: deep (0), shallow ) 0.500 1 node_94 0 --> 1 node_93 1 node_66 1 ==> 0 "Denversaurus" schlessmani 63 (Contact between paroccipital process and quadrate: sutural (0), fused (1).) 0.167 1 node_67 0 --> 1 node_66 1 node_66 1 --> 0 Europelta carbonensis 1 node_85 0 --> 1 node_69 1 node_82 0 ==> 1 node_73 1 node_71 1 ==> 0 Tarchia kielanae (skull=Minotaur 1 node_86 0 ==> 1 Shamosaurus scutatus 64 (Contact between pterygoids: pterygoids separate caudomedially, forming an inter) 0.500 1 node_68 0 --> 1 node_67 1 node_62 1 ==> 0 Hungarosaurus tormai 65 (Direction of the pterygoid flange: anterolateral (0), anterior/parasagittal (1)) 0.500 1 node_68 0 --> 1 node_67 1 node_63 1 ==> 0 Tatankacephalus cooneyorum 66 (Contact between basipterygoid processes and pterygoid: sutural (0), fused (1).) 0.333 1 node_66 0 ==> 1 node_65 1 node_71 0 ==> 1 Zaraapelta nomadis 1 node_86 0 ==> 1 Shamosaurus scutatus 67 (Position of ventral margin of the pterygovomerine keel relative to alveolar rid) 1.000 1 node_94 0 --> 1 node_93 68 (Dorsal extent of median vomer lamina: does not meet skull roof (0), meets skull) 0.333 1 node_90 0 ==> 1 node_89 1 node_61 1 ==> 0 Pawpawsaurus campbelli 1 node_71 1 ==> 0 Tarchia kielanae (skull=Minotaur 69 (Pterygoid foramen: absent (0), present (1).) 0.250 1 node_61 0 ==> 1 Pawpawsaurus campbelli 1 node_85 0 ==> 1 node_84 1 node_73 1 ==> 0 Tsagantegia longicranialis 1 node_78 1 ==> 0 Zuul cruravastator 70 (Position of posterior margin of pterygoid body relative to the anterior margin ) 0.250 1 node_89 0 ==> 1 node_68 1 node_63 1 ==> 0 Tatankacephalus cooneyorum 1 node_78 0 ==> 1 node_77 1 node_84 0 ==> 1 Datai yinliangis 71 (Size of occiput: higher than wide (0), wider than high (1).) 1.000 1 node_96 0 --> 1 node_95 72 (Direction of paroccipital process extension: caudolateral (0), lateral (1).) 0.333 1 node_90 0 ==> 1 node_89 1 node_64 1 ==> 0 node_63 1 node_66 1 ==> 0 Europelta carbonensis 73 (Bones forming the occipital condyle: basioccipital and exoccipital (0), basiocc) 0.200 1 node_90 0 --> 1 node_89 1 node_61 1 ==> 0 Sauropelta edwardsi 1 node_68 1 --> 0 Gastonia burgei 1 node_83 1 --> 0 node_70 1 node_87 1 --> 0 node_86 74 (Length of basisphenoid relative to the basioccipital: longer (0), shorter or eq) 0.500 1 node_96 0 --> 1 node_95 1 node_63 1 ==> 0 Tatankacephalus cooneyorum 75 (Form of basisphenoidal tuberosities: medially separated rounded rugose stubs (0) 0.333 1 node_66 0 ==> 1 Europelta carbonensis 1 node_89 0 ==> 1 node_88 1 node_86 1 ==> 0 Gobisaurus domoculus 76 (Size of basipterygoid processes: twice as long as wide or over (0), less than t) 0.333 1 node_95 0 --> 1 node_94 1 node_68 1 ==> 0 Gastonia burgei 1 node_87 1 --> 0 node_86 77 (Form of the cranial nerve foramina IX-XII: separate foramina (0), single forame) 0.500 1 node_73 0 --> 1 node_72 1 node_71 1 --> 0 Zaraapelta nomadis 78 (Position of mandible articulation relative to mandibular adductor fossa: poster) 0.500 1 node_94 0 --> 1 node_93 1 node_67 1 ==> 0 Peloroplites cedrimontanus 79 (Mandibular fenestra: present (0), absent (1).) 0.500 1 node_96 0 --> 1 node_95 1 node_94 1 --> 0 Huayangosaurus taibaii 80 (Depth of the dentary symphysial ramus relative to half the maximum depth of the) 0.333 1 node_96 0 --> 1 node_95 1 node_62 1 ==> 0 Hungarosaurus tormai 1 node_66 1 ==> 0 Europelta carbonensis 81 (Shape of dorsal margin of the dentary in lateral view: straight (0), sinuous (1) 1.000 1 node_96 0 --> 1 node_95 82 (Development of the coronoid process: not developed (0), distinct (1).) 0.200 1 node_67 1 ==> 0 Peloroplites cedrimontanus 1 node_88 1 ==> 0 node_87 1 node_70 0 ==> 1 Pinacosaurus grangeri 1 node_82 0 --> 1 node_73 1 node_75 0 ==> 1 Euoplocephalus tutus 83 (Position of glenoid for quadrate relative to mandibular axis: medially offset () 0.500 1 node_66 0 ==> 1 node_65 1 node_90 0 ==> 1 Gargoyleosaurus parkpinorum 84 (Size and projection of the retroarticular process: small with no dorsal project) 0.500 1 node_83 0 --> 1 node_82 1 node_78 1 --> 0 Zuul cruravastator 85 (Size of predentary ventral process: distinct, prong shaped process (0), rudimen) 1.000 1 node_94 0 --> 1 node_93 86 (Length of mandibular caputegulum with respect to the length of the mandible: le) 0.333 1 node_61 0 ==> 1 Sauropelta edwardsi 1 node_65 0 ==> 2 Panoplosaurus mirus 1 node_89 0 --> 1 node_88 1 node_85 1 --> 0 node_69 1 node_83 1 ==> 2 node_82 1 node_78 2 ==> 0 Zuul cruravastator 87 (Premaxillary teeth: present (0) absent (1).) 0.333 1 node_89 0 ==> 1 node_68 1 node_65 1 --> 0 node_64 1 node_88 0 ==> 1 node_87 88 (Cingula on maxillary and/or dentary teeth: absent (0), present (1).) 0.200 1 node_96 0 --> 1 node_95 1 node_92 1 --> 0 node_91 1 node_67 0 --> 1 node_66 1 node_89 0 --> 1 node_88 1 node_88 1 ==> 0 Cedarpelta bilbeyhallorum 89 (Maxillary and/or dentary tooth crown shape: pointed (0), rounded (1).) 0.200 1 node_67 0 ==> 1 node_66 1 node_62 1 ==> 0 Hungarosaurus tormai 1 node_89 0 ==> 1 node_88 1 node_78 1 ==> 0 Zuul cruravastator 1 node_92 0 ==> 1 Kunbarrasaurus ieversi 90 (Maxillary and/or dentary tooth denticles: >13 denticles (0), <13 denticles (1)) 0.200 1 node_67 0 ==> 1 node_66 1 node_61 1 ==> 0 Sauropelta edwardsi 1 node_62 1 ==> 0 Hungarosaurus tormai 1 node_66 1 ==> 0 Europelta carbonensis 1 node_89 0 ==> 1 node_88 91 (Number of dentary teeth: <25 (0), ?25 (1).) 0.200 1 node_94 0 ==> 1 Huayangosaurus taibaii 1 node_66 0 --> 1 node_65 1 node_61 1 --> 0 Animantarx ramaljonesi 1 node_75 0 ==> 1 Ankylosaurus magniventris 1 node_90 0 ==> 1 Gargoyleosaurus parkpinorum 92 (Type of articulation between the atlantal neural arch and intercentrum: open (0) 0.500 1 node_90 0 --> 1 node_89 1 node_65 1 --> 0 Panoplosaurus mirus 93 (Type of contact between the atlantal neural arches: no median contact (0), medi) 0.500 1 node_95 0 --> 1 node_94 1 node_61 1 ==> 0 Polacanthus foxii 94 (Contact between atlas and axis: articulated (0), fused (1).) 0.250 1 node_67 0 --> 1 node_66 1 node_61 1 --> 0 Sauropelta edwardsi 1 node_66 1 --> 0 Europelta carbonensis 1 node_82 0 --> 1 node_73 95 (Dimensions of cervical vertebrae centra: anteroposteriorly longer than transver) 0.500 1 node_96 0 --> 1 node_95 1 node_64 1 ==> 0 Struthiosaurus austriacus 96 (Ratio of maximum neural spine width to height in anterior cervicals: <0.25 (0)) 0.500 1 node_95 0 ==> 1 node_94 1 node_61 1 ==> 0 Sauropelta edwardsi 97 (Ratio of anteroposterior dorsal centrum length to posterior centrum height: >1.) 0.250 1 node_96 0 --> 1 node_95 1 node_67 1 --> 0 node_66 1 node_66 0 --> 1 node_65 1 node_85 1 --> 0 node_69 98 (Longitudinal keel on ventral surface of dorsal centra: present (0), absent (1).) 0.250 1 node_96 0 --> 1 node_95 1 node_64 1 ==> 0 Struthiosaurus austriacus 1 node_67 1 ==> 0 Peloroplites cedrimontanus 1 node_91 1 ==> 0 Hylaeosaurus armatus 99 (Cross sectional shape of neural canal in posterior dorsals: circular (0) ellipt) 0.125 1 node_95 0 --> 1 node_94 1 node_93 1 --> 0 node_92 1 node_67 0 --> 1 node_66 1 node_61 1 --> 0 Polacanthus foxii 1 node_61 1 --> 0 Sauropelta edwardsi 1 node_66 1 --> 0 Europelta carbonensis 1 node_88 0 --> 1 node_87 1 node_80 1 --> 0 node_74 100 (Shape of the proximal cross-section of the dorsal ribs: triangular (0), ?L?- o) 1.000 1 node_93 0 --> 1 node_92 101 (Attachment of dorsal ribs to posterior dorsal vertebrae: articulated (0), fuse) 0.200 1 node_94 0 --> 1 node_93 1 node_61 1 ==> 0 Sauropelta edwardsi 1 node_61 1 ==> 0 Silvisaurus condrayi 1 node_88 1 --> 0 Liaoningosaurus paradoxus 1 node_91 1 --> 0 Hylaeosaurus armatus 102 (Contact between posteriormost dorsal vertebrae: articulated (0), fused to form) 1.000 1 node_93 0 ==> 1 node_92 103 (Longitudinal groove in ventral surface of the sacrum: absent (0), present (1).) 0.333 1 node_92 0 --> 1 node_91 1 node_61 1 ==> 0 Silvisaurus condrayi 1 node_88 1 --> 0 node_87 104 (Longitudinal ridge at approximate mid-height of centrum of mid and distal caud) 0.500 1 node_66 0 --> 1 node_65 1 node_61 1 ==> 0 Polacanthus foxii 105 (Ratio of maximum distal width to height of the neural spines of proximal cauda) 0.200 1 node_94 0 ==> 1 node_93 1 node_67 1 --> 0 node_66 1 node_62 0 --> 1 node_61 1 node_88 1 ==> 0 Cedarpelta bilbeyhallorum 1 node_81 1 ==> 0 node_80 106 (Direction of the transverse processes of proximal caudals: craniolaterally pro) 0.500 1 node_94 0 ==> 1 Huayangosaurus taibaii 1 node_68 0 ==> 2 node_67 1 node_66 2 --> 0 node_65 1 node_61 0 ==> 1 Niobrarasaurus coleii 107 (Persistence of transverse processes down the length of the caudal series: not ) 0.333 1 node_96 0 --> 1 node_95 1 node_91 1 --> 0 node_90 1 node_61 0 ==> 1 Polacanthus foxii 108 (Attachment of haemal arches to their respective centra: articulated (0), fused) 0.250 1 node_67 0 ==> 1 node_66 1 node_62 1 ==> 0 node_61 1 node_85 0 ==> 1 node_84 1 node_93 0 ==> 1 Mymoorapelta maysi 109 (Extent of pre- and postzygapophyses over their adjacent centra in posterior ve) 0.500 1 node_89 0 --> 1 node_88 1 node_88 1 --> 0 Chuanqilong chaoyangensis 110 (In tail club handle vertebrae, shape of each interlocking neural arch in dorsa) 1.000 1 node_88 0 ==> 1 node_87 1 node_75 1 ==> 3 Ankylosaurus magniventris 111 (Shape of the posterior haemal arches: rounded haemal spine in lateral view wit) 0.333 1 node_94 0 ==> 1 node_93 1 node_68 1 --> 0 node_67 1 node_62 0 --> 1 node_61 112 (Ossified tendons in distal region of tail: absent (0), present (1).) 0.333 1 node_93 0 ==> 1 node_92 1 node_61 1 ==> 0 Sauropelta edwardsi 1 node_88 1 ==> 0 Liaoningosaurus paradoxus 113 (Dimensions of coracoid: longer than wide (0), wider than long or equal width a) 0.333 1 node_66 0 --> 1 node_65 1 node_62 1 --> 0 Hungarosaurus tormai 1 node_91 0 ==> 1 Hylaeosaurus armatus 114 (Form of the anterior margin of the coracoid: convex (0), straight (1).) 0.333 1 node_91 0 --> 1 node_90 1 node_67 1 --> 0 node_66 1 node_85 1 --> 0 node_69 115 (Cranioventral process of coracoid: absent (0), present (1).) 0.333 1 node_62 0 ==> 1 Hungarosaurus tormai 1 node_89 0 ==> 1 node_88 1 node_83 1 --> 0 node_70 116 (Size of coracoid glenoid relative to scapula glenoid: sub-equal (0), half the ) 0.500 1 node_65 0 --> 1 node_64 1 node_61 1 --> 0 Sauropelta edwardsi 117 (Contact between scapula and coracoid: articulated (0), fused (1).) 0.250 1 node_94 0 ==> 1 Huayangosaurus taibaii 1 node_89 0 ==> 1 node_68 1 node_88 0 --> 1 node_87 1 node_84 1 --> 0 Datai yinliangis 118 (Scapula glenoid orientation: ventrolateral (0), ventral (1).) 0.500 1 node_94 0 --> 1 node_93 1 node_62 1 ==> 0 Hungarosaurus tormai 119 (Ventral process of scapula at the caudoventral margin of glenoid: absent (0), ) 0.333 1 node_64 0 --> 1 node_63 1 node_67 0 ==> 1 Peloroplites cedrimontanus 1 node_88 0 --> 1 node_87 120 (Form of the scapula acromion process: not developed or ridge-like along the do) 0.667 1 node_89 0 ==> 2 node_68 1 node_88 0 --> 1 node_87 1 node_80 1 --> 0 node_79 121 (Orientation of the acromion process of scapula: directed away from the glenoid) 0.500 1 node_62 0 ==> 1 node_61 1 node_67 0 ==> 1 Peloroplites cedrimontanus 122 (Scapulocoracoid buttress: absent (0), present (1).) 0.500 1 node_85 0 ==> 1 node_69 1 node_80 0 --> 1 node_79 123 (Distal end of scapula shaft: narrow (0), expanded (1).) 0.333 1 node_89 0 ==> 1 node_68 1 node_64 1 ==> 0 Struthiosaurus austriacus 1 node_88 0 ==> 1 Chuanqilong chaoyangensis 124 (Contact between sternal plates: separate (0), fused (1).) 1.000 1 node_89 0 --> 1 node_88 125 (Length of the preacetabular process of ilium as a percentage of total ilium le) 0.500 1 node_95 0 ==> 1 node_94 1 node_92 1 ==> 0 Kunbarrasaurus ieversi 126 (Angle of lateral deflection of the preacetabular process of the ilium: 10?20 () 0.500 1 node_92 0 ==> 1 node_91 1 node_61 1 ==> 0 Polacanthus foxii 127 (Orientation of the preacetabular portion of the ilium: near vertical (0), near) 1.000 1 node_96 0 --> 1 node_95 128 (Form of the preacetabular portion of the ilium: straight process (0), pronounc) 0.250 1 node_61 0 ==> 1 Animantarx ramaljonesi 1 node_66 0 ==> 1 Edmontonia longiceps 1 node_91 0 ==> 1 Hylaeosaurus armatus 1 node_93 0 ==> 1 Mymoorapelta maysi 129 (Lateral edge of ilium in dorsal view: straight (0), sinuous (1).) 0.500 1 node_61 0 ==> 1 Sauropelta edwardsi 1 node_66 0 ==> 1 Edmontonia longiceps 130 (Lateral exposure of the acetabulum: exposed (0) acetabulum partially obscured ) 0.500 1 node_88 0 --> 1 node_87 1 node_93 0 ==> 1 Mymoorapelta maysi 131 (Perforation of the acetabulum: present, open acetabulum (0), absent, closed ac) 1.000 1 node_91 0 --> 1 node_90 132 (Postacetabular ilium length, relative to diameter of acetabulum: greater (0), ) 0.250 1 node_61 0 ==> 1 Animantarx ramaljonesi 1 node_67 0 ==> 1 Peloroplites cedrimontanus 1 node_89 0 ==> 1 node_88 1 node_76 1 ==> 0 Scolosaurus cutleri 133 (Pubis: present (0), indistinct from ilium (1)) 0.333 1 node_68 0 ==> 1 node_67 1 node_66 1 ==> 0 Europelta carbonensis 1 node_88 0 --> 1 node_87 134 (Shape of ischium: straight (0), ventrally flexed at mid-length (1).) 0.200 1 node_89 0 --> 1 node_68 1 node_66 1 --> 0 node_65 1 node_62 0 --> 1 node_61 1 node_66 1 --> 0 Europelta carbonensis 1 node_93 0 ==> 1 Mymoorapelta maysi 135 (Shape of the dorsal margin of ischium: straight or concave (0), convex (1).) 0.333 1 node_66 0 ==> 1 Europelta carbonensis 1 node_89 0 ==> 1 node_88 1 node_88 1 ==> 0 Chuanqilong chaoyangensis 136 (Separation of humeral head and deltopectoral crest in anterior view: continuou) 0.167 1 node_95 0 ==> 1 Scelidosaurus harrisonii 1 node_89 0 ==> 1 node_68 1 node_61 1 ==> 0 Niobrarasaurus coleii 1 node_88 0 ==> 1 Cedarpelta bilbeyhallorum 1 node_82 0 --> 1 node_73 1 node_75 0 ==> 1 Ankylosaurus magniventris 137 (Separation of humeral head and medial tubercle in anterior view: continuous (0) 0.200 1 node_96 0 --> 1 node_95 1 node_94 1 --> 0 node_93 1 node_68 0 --> 1 node_67 1 node_62 1 --> 0 node_61 1 node_61 0 --> 1 Animantarx ramaljonesi 138 (Ratio of deltopectoral crest length to humeral length: ?0.5 (0), >0.5 (1).) 0.250 1 node_66 0 ==> 1 Edmontonia longiceps 1 node_88 0 ==> 1 Cedarpelta bilbeyhallorum 1 node_88 0 ==> 1 Chuanqilong chaoyangensis 1 node_85 0 --> 1 node_84 139 (Orientation of deltopectoral crest projection: lateral (0), anterolateral (1).) 0.250 1 node_89 0 --> 1 node_68 1 node_62 1 ==> 0 Hungarosaurus tormai 1 node_69 0 ==> 1 Jinyunpelta sinensis 1 node_93 0 ==> 1 Mymoorapelta maysi 140 (Shape of the radial condyle of humerus round / proximal end of radius in end-o) 1.000 1 node_62 0 ==> 1 node_61 141 (Ratio of the length of metacarpal V to metacarpal III: ?0.5 (0), >0.5 (1).) 1.000 1 node_96 0 --> 1 node_95 143 (Shape of manual and pedal ungual phalanges: narrow, claw-shaped (0) wide, hoof) 0.333 1 node_95 0 --> 1 node_94 1 node_62 1 --> 2 node_61 1 node_61 2 --> 1 Polacanthus foxii 1 node_89 1 --> 2 node_88 1 node_88 2 --> 1 node_87 1 node_81 1 ==> 2 Dyoplosaurus acutosquameus 144 (Angle between long axis of femoral head and long axis of shaft: <100 (0), 100 ) 0.333 1 node_96 0 --> 1 Lesothosaurus diagnosticus 1 node_95 0 --> 2 node_94 1 node_62 2 --> 1 node_61 1 node_61 1 --> 2 Polacanthus foxii 1 node_67 2 ==> 1 Peloroplites cedrimontanus 1 node_88 2 ==> 1 Cedarpelta bilbeyhallorum 145 (Separation of femoral head from greater trochanter: continuous (0), separated ) 0.333 1 node_67 0 ==> 1 node_66 1 node_88 0 ==> 1 Chuanqilong chaoyangensis 1 node_90 0 ==> 1 Gargoyleosaurus parkpinorum 146 (Differentiation of the anterior trochanter of the femur: separated from femora) 0.500 1 node_95 0 ==> 1 node_94 1 node_88 1 ==> 0 Liaoningosaurus paradoxus 147 (Oblique ridge on lateral femoral shaft, distal to anterior trochanter: absent ) 0.500 1 node_61 0 ==> 1 Animantarx ramaljonesi 1 node_67 0 ==> 1 Peloroplites cedrimontanus 148 (Form of the fourth trochanter: pendant (0), ridge-like (1).) 0.500 1 node_95 0 --> 1 node_94 1 node_90 1 --> 0 Gargoyleosaurus parkpinorum 149 (Location of the fourth trochanter on the femoral shaft: proximal (0) distal, o) 0.500 1 node_94 0 --> 1 node_93 1 node_89 1 --> 0 node_68 150 (Maximum distal width of the tibia, compared to the maximum proximal width: nar) 0.333 1 node_91 0 --> 1 node_90 1 node_61 1 ==> 0 Sauropelta edwardsi 1 node_67 1 --> 0 Peloroplites cedrimontanus 151 (Contact between tibia and astragalus: articulated (0), fused, with suture obli) 0.500 1 node_67 0 ==> 1 node_66 1 node_85 0 --> 1 node_84 152 (Number of pedal digits: 5 (0), 4 (1), 3 (2).) 0.667 1 node_95 1 --> 2 node_94 1 node_89 2 --> 1 node_68 1 node_88 2 ==> 0 Liaoningosaurus paradoxus 153 (Phalangeal number in pedal digit IV: 5 (0), ?4 (1)) 0.500 1 node_95 0 ==> 1 node_94 1 node_88 1 ==> 0 Liaoningosaurus paradoxus 154 (Postcranial / osteoderm distribution: no postcranial osteoderms (0); postcran) 1.000 1 node_96 0 --> 1 node_95 1 node_94 1 ==> 2 Huayangosaurus taibaii 155 (Dimensions of largest osteoderm: no osteoderms (0) smaller than a dorsal centr) 0.400 1 node_96 0 --> 1 node_95 1 node_95 1 --> 2 node_94 1 node_61 2 ==> 1 Niobrarasaurus coleii 1 node_66 2 ==> 1 Edmontonia longiceps 1 node_91 2 ==> 1 Hylaeosaurus armatus 156 (Basal surface of osteoderms: no osteoderms (0) flat or gently concave (1), dee) 0.286 1 node_96 0 --> 1 node_95 1 node_91 1 --> 2 node_90 1 node_68 2 --> 1 node_67 1 node_64 1 ==> 2 node_63 1 node_66 1 ==> 2 Europelta carbonensis 1 node_84 2 --> 1 Datai yinliangis 1 node_93 1 ==> 2 Mymoorapelta maysi 157 (External cortical histology of skeletally mature osteoderms: no osteoderms (0)) 0.667 1 node_96 0 --> 1 node_95 1 node_95 1 --> 2 node_94 1 node_68 2 --> 1 node_67 158 (Haversian bone in osteoderms: no osteoderms (0) absent in core of skeletally m) 0.500 1 node_96 0 --> 1 node_95 1 node_68 1 --> 0 node_67 1 node_80 1 --> 2 node_74 1 node_90 1 ==> 2 Gargoyleosaurus parkpinorum 159 (Basal cortex of skeletally mature osteoderms: no osteoderms (0) present (1), a) 0.500 1 node_96 0 --> 1 node_95 1 node_68 1 --> 0 node_67 160 (Structural fiber arrangement in osteoderms: no osteoderms (0) structural fibre) 1.000 1 node_96 0 --> 1 node_95 1 node_95 1 --> 2 node_94 161 (Gular osteoderms: absent (0), present (1).) 0.250 1 node_95 0 --> 1 node_94 1 node_88 1 ==> 0 Chuanqilong chaoyangensis 1 node_84 1 ==> 0 node_83 1 node_78 0 ==> 1 Zuul cruravastator 162 (Number of distinct cervical pectoral bands: none (0), one (1), two (2).) 0.750 1 node_94 0 --> 1 node_93 1 node_92 1 --> 2 node_91 1 node_89 2 --> 3 node_68 1 node_65 3 --> 2 Panoplosaurus mirus 163 (Form of cervical half rings: cervical half rings absent (0), composed of osteo) 0.500 1 node_94 0 --> 1 node_93 1 node_90 1 --> 2 node_89 1 node_68 2 --> 1 node_67 1 node_61 1 ==> 2 Sauropelta edwardsi 164 (Composition of first cervical half ring with band: no cervical half ring with ) 0.667 1 node_89 0 --> 1 node_88 1 node_83 1 ==> 2 node_82 1 node_77 2 ==> 1 node_76 165 (Distal spines on cervical half ring: absent (0), present, projecting dorsopost) 1.000 1 node_65 0 ==> 1 node_64 1 node_66 0 ==> 2 Edmontonia rugosidens 166 (Osteoderms on proximal limb segments: absent (0), present (1).) 0.250 1 node_95 0 ==> 1 Scelidosaurus harrisonii 1 node_70 0 ==> 1 Pinacosaurus grangeri 1 node_76 0 ==> 1 Scolosaurus cutleri 1 node_92 0 ==> 1 Kunbarrasaurus ieversi 167 (Millimeter-sized ossicles abundant in spaces between osteoderms in thoracic or) 0.200 1 node_94 0 --> 1 node_93 1 node_68 1 --> 0 node_67 1 node_88 1 --> 0 Chuanqilong chaoyangensis 1 node_84 1 --> 0 node_83 1 node_82 0 --> 1 node_81 168 (Deeply excavated, dorsoventrally flattened triangular osteoderms: absent (0), ) 0.400 1 node_94 0 ==> 1 node_93 1 node_61 1 ==> 2 Polacanthus foxii 1 node_64 1 ==> 0 Struthiosaurus austriacus 1 node_68 1 ==> 2 Gastonia burgei 1 node_84 1 ==> 0 Datai yinliangis 169 (On deeply excavated triangular osteoderms, furrows perpendicular to basal edge) 0.400 1 node_61 0 ==> 1 Sauropelta edwardsi 1 node_62 0 ==> 1 Hungarosaurus tormai 1 node_66 0 ==> 1 Europelta carbonensis 1 node_83 0 --> 1 node_82 1 node_93 0 ==> 2 Mymoorapelta maysi 170 (Lateralmost osteoderms in thoracic region: absent (0), ovoid or sub-ovoid with) 0.500 1 node_95 0 ==> 1 Scelidosaurus harrisonii 1 node_94 0 ==> 2 node_93 1 node_61 2 ==> 3 Sauropelta edwardsi 1 node_89 2 --> 1 node_88 1 node_70 1 --> 2 Pinacosaurus grangeri 1 node_78 1 ==> 2 Zuul cruravastator 172 (Form of pelvic osteoderms: no osteoderms (0) unfused (1), coossified osteoderm) 0.429 1 node_96 0 --> 1 node_95 1 node_61 1 ==> 2 Polacanthus foxii 1 node_62 1 ==> 0 Hungarosaurus tormai 1 node_66 1 ==> 3 Europelta carbonensis 1 node_68 1 ==> 2 Gastonia burgei 1 node_90 1 ==> 2 Gargoyleosaurus parkpinorum 1 node_93 1 ==> 2 Mymoorapelta maysi 173 (Caudal osteoderms: absent (0), present on dorsal or dorsolateral surfaces of t) 0.667 1 node_96 0 --> 1 node_95 1 node_95 1 --> 2 Scelidosaurus harrisonii 1 node_92 1 --> 2 Kunbarrasaurus ieversi 174 (Morphology of proximal, lateral caudal osteoderms: osteoderms absent (0), tria) 0.500 1 node_95 0 ==> 1 Scelidosaurus harrisonii 1 node_94 0 ==> 2 node_93 1 node_68 2 --> 1 node_67 1 node_92 2 ==> 1 Kunbarrasaurus ieversi 175 (Keel height of caudal osteoderms relative to thoracic osteoderms: osteoderms a) 0.667 1 node_96 0 --> 2 node_95 1 node_94 2 ==> 1 Huayangosaurus taibaii 1 node_89 2 ==> 1 node_68 176 (Tail club knob shape: knob absent (0), major knob osteoderms semicircular in d) 1.000 1 node_87 0 ==> 1 node_85 1 node_77 1 ==> 2 Anodontosaurus lambei 177 (Tail club knob proportions: knob absent (0), tail club knob length > width (1)) 0.750 1 node_87 0 ==> 1 node_85 1 node_83 1 --> 2 node_70 1 node_78 1 --> 2 node_77 1 node_77 2 --> 3 Anodontosaurus lambei Apomorphy lists: Branch Character Steps CI Change ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- node_96 --> Lesothosaurus diagnosticus 144 (Angle between long axis of femoral head and long axis of shaft: <100 (0),) 1 0.333 0 --> 1 node_96 --> node_95 29 (Maxillary tooth row position: lateral margin of skull (0), inset (1).) 1 1.000 0 --> 1 31 (Caudoventral secondary palate: absent (0), present (1)) 1 0.250 0 --> 1 43 (Proportions of jugal orbital ramus: depth greater than transverse breadth ) 1 1.000 0 --> 1 44 (Depth of jugal ramus relative to orbit height: jugal height is less than 1) 1 0.200 0 --> 1 59 (Form of quadrate mandibular extremity: symmetrical (0), medial condyle lar) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 71 (Size of occiput: higher than wide (0), wider than high (1).) 1 1.000 0 --> 1 74 (Length of basisphenoid relative to the basioccipital: longer (0), shorter ) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 79 (Mandibular fenestra: present (0), absent (1).) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 80 (Depth of the dentary symphysial ramus relative to half the maximum depth o) 1 0.333 0 --> 1 81 (Shape of dorsal margin of the dentary in lateral view: straight (0), sinuo) 1 1.000 0 --> 1 88 (Cingula on maxillary and/or dentary teeth: absent (0), present (1).) 1 0.200 0 --> 1 95 (Dimensions of cervical vertebrae centra: anteroposteriorly longer than tra) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 97 (Ratio of anteroposterior dorsal centrum length to posterior centrum height) 1 0.250 0 --> 1 98 (Longitudinal keel on ventral surface of dorsal centra: present (0), absent) 1 0.250 0 --> 1 107 (Persistence of transverse processes down the length of the caudal series:) 1 0.333 0 --> 1 127 (Orientation of the preacetabular portion of the ilium: near vertical (0),) 1 1.000 0 --> 1 137 (Separation of humeral head and medial tubercle in anterior view: continuo) 1 0.200 0 --> 1 141 (Ratio of the length of metacarpal V to metacarpal III: ?0.5 (0), >0.5 (1)) 1 1.000 0 --> 1 154 (Postcranial / osteoderm distribution: no postcranial osteoderms (0); pos) 1 1.000 0 --> 1 155 (Dimensions of largest osteoderm: no osteoderms (0) smaller than a dorsal ) 1 0.400 0 --> 1 156 (Basal surface of osteoderms: no osteoderms (0) flat or gently concave (1)) 1 0.286 0 --> 1 157 (External cortical histology of skeletally mature osteoderms: no osteoderm) 1 0.667 0 --> 1 158 (Haversian bone in osteoderms: no osteoderms (0) absent in core of skeleta) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 159 (Basal cortex of skeletally mature osteoderms: no osteoderms (0) present () 1 0.500 0 --> 1 160 (Structural fiber arrangement in osteoderms: no osteoderms (0) structural ) 1 1.000 0 --> 1 172 (Form of pelvic osteoderms: no osteoderms (0) unfused (1), coossified oste) 1 0.429 0 --> 1 173 (Caudal osteoderms: absent (0), present on dorsal or dorsolateral surfaces) 1 0.667 0 --> 1 175 (Keel height of caudal osteoderms relative to thoracic osteoderms: osteode) 1 0.667 0 --> 2 node_95 --> Scelidosaurus harrisonii 136 (Separation of humeral head and deltopectoral crest in anterior view: cont) 1 0.167 0 ==> 1 166 (Osteoderms on proximal limb segments: absent (0), present (1).) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 170 (Lateralmost osteoderms in thoracic region: absent (0), ovoid or sub-ovoid) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 173 (Caudal osteoderms: absent (0), present on dorsal or dorsolateral surfaces) 1 0.667 1 --> 2 174 (Morphology of proximal, lateral caudal osteoderms: osteoderms absent (0),) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 node_95 --> node_94 57 (Form of the anterior surface of the quadrate: transversely concave (0), no) 1 0.333 0 --> 1 60 (Inclination of the articular surface of the quadrate condyle in posterior ) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 61 (Lateral ramus of the quadrate: present (0), absent (1).) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 76 (Size of basipterygoid processes: twice as long as wide or over (0), less t) 1 0.333 0 --> 1 93 (Type of contact between the atlantal neural arches: no median contact (0),) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 96 (Ratio of maximum neural spine width to height in anterior cervicals: <0.2) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 99 (Cross sectional shape of neural canal in posterior dorsals: circular (0) e) 1 0.125 0 --> 1 125 (Length of the preacetabular process of ilium as a percentage of total ili) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 143 (Shape of manual and pedal ungual phalanges: narrow, claw-shaped (0) wide,) 1 0.333 0 --> 1 144 (Angle between long axis of femoral head and long axis of shaft: <100 (0),) 1 0.333 0 --> 2 146 (Differentiation of the anterior trochanter of the femur: separated from f) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 148 (Form of the fourth trochanter: pendant (0), ridge-like (1).) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 152 (Number of pedal digits: 5 (0), 4 (1), 3 (2).) 1 0.667 1 --> 2 153 (Phalangeal number in pedal digit IV: 5 (0), ?4 (1)) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 155 (Dimensions of largest osteoderm: no osteoderms (0) smaller than a dorsal ) 1 0.400 1 --> 2 157 (External cortical histology of skeletally mature osteoderms: no osteoderm) 1 0.667 1 --> 2 160 (Structural fiber arrangement in osteoderms: no osteoderms (0) structural ) 1 1.000 1 --> 2 161 (Gular osteoderms: absent (0), present (1).) 1 0.250 0 --> 1 node_94 --> Huayangosaurus taibaii 44 (Depth of jugal ramus relative to orbit height: jugal height is less than 1) 1 0.200 1 --> 0 79 (Mandibular fenestra: present (0), absent (1).) 1 0.500 1 --> 0 91 (Number of dentary teeth: <25 (0), ?25 (1).) 1 0.200 0 ==> 1 106 (Direction of the transverse processes of proximal caudals: craniolaterall) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 117 (Contact between scapula and coracoid: articulated (0), fused (1).) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 154 (Postcranial / osteoderm distribution: no postcranial osteoderms (0); pos) 1 1.000 1 ==> 2 175 (Keel height of caudal osteoderms relative to thoracic osteoderms: osteode) 1 0.667 2 ==> 1 node_94 --> node_93 1 (Antorbital fenestra: present (0) absent (1).) 1 1.000 0 --> 1 3 (Supratemporal fenestra: open (0), closed (1).) 1 1.000 0 --> 1 10 (Dimensions of premaxillary palate: longer than wide (0), wider than long () 1 0.200 0 --> 1 11 (Shape of the premaxillary palate: sub-triangular (0), sub-quadrate (1), su) 1 0.667 0 --> 1 12 (V or U-shaped median indentation of the anterior margin of the premaxilla:) 1 0.250 0 --> 1 20 (Frontonasal and/or frontoparietal cranial ornamentation: absent (0) rugose) 1 0.400 0 --> 2 33 (Gap between palate and braincase: open (0), closed by a dorsal projection ) 1 1.000 0 --> 1 38 (Form of supraorbitals (including ornamentation): absent (0), boss-like, ro) 1 0.500 0 --> 2 39 (Supraorbitals, when viewed dorsally: no supraorbitals (0), combine to form) 1 0.400 0 --> 1 42 (Development of the postocular shelf: not developed (0), completely separat) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 46 (Squamosal/postorbital horn: no horn (0) base has broad triangular cross-se) 1 0.222 0 --> 1 47 (Shape of jugal/quadratojugal horn in dorsal view: quadratojugal horn absen) 1 0.667 0 --> 2 48 (Jugal/quadratojugal horn: no horn (0) lacks distinct neck at base (1), has) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 49 (Jugal or quadratojugal horn size relative to orbit size: no horn (0), leng) 1 0.667 0 --> 1 62 (Dorsoventral depth of the pterygoid process of the quadrate: deep (0), sha) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 67 (Position of ventral margin of the pterygovomerine keel relative to alveola) 1 1.000 0 --> 1 78 (Position of mandible articulation relative to mandibular adductor fossa: p) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 85 (Size of predentary ventral process: distinct, prong shaped process (0), ru) 1 1.000 0 --> 1 101 (Attachment of dorsal ribs to posterior dorsal vertebrae: articulated (0),) 1 0.200 0 --> 1 105 (Ratio of maximum distal width to height of the neural spines of proximal ) 1 0.200 0 ==> 1 111 (Shape of the posterior haemal arches: rounded haemal spine in lateral vie) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 118 (Scapula glenoid orientation: ventrolateral (0), ventral (1).) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 137 (Separation of humeral head and medial tubercle in anterior view: continuo) 1 0.200 1 --> 0 149 (Location of the fourth trochanter on the femoral shaft: proximal (0) dist) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 162 (Number of distinct cervical pectoral bands: none (0), one (1), two (2).) 1 0.750 0 --> 1 163 (Form of cervical half rings: cervical half rings absent (0), composed of ) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 167 (Millimeter-sized ossicles abundant in spaces between osteoderms in thorac) 1 0.200 0 --> 1 168 (Deeply excavated, dorsoventrally flattened triangular osteoderms: absent ) 1 0.400 0 ==> 1 170 (Lateralmost osteoderms in thoracic region: absent (0), ovoid or sub-ovoid) 1 0.500 0 ==> 2 174 (Morphology of proximal, lateral caudal osteoderms: osteoderms absent (0),) 1 0.500 0 ==> 2 node_93 --> node_92 99 (Cross sectional shape of neural canal in posterior dorsals: circular (0) e) 1 0.125 1 --> 0 100 (Shape of the proximal cross-section of the dorsal ribs: triangular (0), ?) 1 1.000 0 --> 1 102 (Contact between posteriormost dorsal vertebrae: articulated (0), fused to) 1 1.000 0 ==> 1 112 (Ossified tendons in distal region of tail: absent (0), present (1).) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 node_92 --> node_91 55 (Shape of quadrate in lateral aspect: curved (anteriorly convex, posteriorl) 1 0.333 0 --> 1 88 (Cingula on maxillary and/or dentary teeth: absent (0), present (1).) 1 0.200 1 --> 0 103 (Longitudinal groove in ventral surface of the sacrum: absent (0), present) 1 0.333 0 --> 1 126 (Angle of lateral deflection of the preacetabular process of the ilium: 10) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 162 (Number of distinct cervical pectoral bands: none (0), one (1), two (2).) 1 0.750 1 --> 2 node_91 --> node_90 107 (Persistence of transverse processes down the length of the caudal series:) 1 0.333 1 --> 0 114 (Form of the anterior margin of the coracoid: convex (0), straight (1).) 1 0.333 0 --> 1 131 (Perforation of the acetabulum: present, open acetabulum (0), absent, clos) 1 1.000 0 --> 1 150 (Maximum distal width of the tibia, compared to the maximum proximal width) 1 0.333 0 --> 1 156 (Basal surface of osteoderms: no osteoderms (0) flat or gently concave (1)) 1 0.286 1 --> 2 node_90 --> node_89 9 (Premaxillary sinus: absent (0), present (1)) 1 1.000 0 --> 1 14 (Bone bordering anterior margin of internal nares: premaxilla (0), maxilla ) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 18 (Shape of respiratory passage: straight or arched (0), with anterior (rostr) 1 1.000 0 --> 1 20 (Frontonasal and/or frontoparietal cranial ornamentation: absent (0) rugose) 1 0.400 2 --> 1 38 (Form of supraorbitals (including ornamentation): absent (0), boss-like, ro) 1 0.500 2 ==> 1 68 (Dorsal extent of median vomer lamina: does not meet skull roof (0), meets ) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 72 (Direction of paroccipital process extension: caudolateral (0), lateral (1)) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 73 (Bones forming the occipital condyle: basioccipital and exoccipital (0), ba) 1 0.200 0 --> 1 92 (Type of articulation between the atlantal neural arch and intercentrum: op) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 163 (Form of cervical half rings: cervical half rings absent (0), composed of ) 1 0.500 1 --> 2 node_89 --> node_68 30 (Distance between posteriormost extent of maxillary tooth rows relative to ) 1 0.200 0 ==> 1 70 (Position of posterior margin of pterygoid body relative to the anterior ma) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 87 (Premaxillary teeth: present (0) absent (1).) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 117 (Contact between scapula and coracoid: articulated (0), fused (1).) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 120 (Form of the scapula acromion process: not developed or ridge-like along t) 1 0.667 0 ==> 2 123 (Distal end of scapula shaft: narrow (0), expanded (1).) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 134 (Shape of ischium: straight (0), ventrally flexed at mid-length (1).) 1 0.200 0 --> 1 136 (Separation of humeral head and deltopectoral crest in anterior view: cont) 1 0.167 0 ==> 1 139 (Orientation of deltopectoral crest projection: lateral (0), anterolateral) 1 0.250 0 --> 1 149 (Location of the fourth trochanter on the femoral shaft: proximal (0) dist) 1 0.500 1 --> 0 152 (Number of pedal digits: 5 (0), 4 (1), 3 (2).) 1 0.667 2 --> 1 162 (Number of distinct cervical pectoral bands: none (0), one (1), two (2).) 1 0.750 2 --> 3 175 (Keel height of caudal osteoderms relative to thoracic osteoderms: osteode) 1 0.667 2 ==> 1 node_68 --> node_67 5 (Width of the posterior margin of the skull (including squamosal horns where) 1 1.000 0 ==> 1 20 (Frontonasal and/or frontoparietal cranial ornamentation: absent (0) rugose) 1 0.400 1 --> 2 21 (Number of caputegulae in frontonasal and prefrontal region: no caputegulae) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 22 (Majority of frontonasal and/or frontoparietal caputegulum relief: caputegu) 1 0.286 0 ==> 1 24 (Supranarial caputegulae, notch or embayment dorsal to nasal vestibule: no ) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 27 (Loreal caputegulum in lateral view: no caputegulum (0) 1 caputegulum (1), ) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 28 (Shape of the maxillary tooth row: straight (0), medially convex (1).) 1 0.167 0 --> 1 35 (Lacrimal caputegulum in lateral view: no caputegulum (0) 1 caputegulum (1)) 1 0.667 0 --> 1 36 (Prefrontal caputegulum: no caputegulum (0) flat (1), sharply pointed and p) 1 0.333 0 --> 1 46 (Squamosal/postorbital horn: no horn (0) base has broad triangular cross-se) 1 0.222 1 ==> 0 47 (Shape of jugal/quadratojugal horn in dorsal view: quadratojugal horn absen) 1 0.667 2 ==> 1 64 (Contact between pterygoids: pterygoids separate caudomedially, forming an ) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 65 (Direction of the pterygoid flange: anterolateral (0), anterior/parasagitta) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 106 (Direction of the transverse processes of proximal caudals: craniolaterall) 1 0.500 0 ==> 2 111 (Shape of the posterior haemal arches: rounded haemal spine in lateral vie) 1 0.333 1 --> 0 133 (Pubis: present (0), indistinct from ilium (1)) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 137 (Separation of humeral head and medial tubercle in anterior view: continuo) 1 0.200 0 --> 1 156 (Basal surface of osteoderms: no osteoderms (0) flat or gently concave (1)) 1 0.286 2 --> 1 157 (External cortical histology of skeletally mature osteoderms: no osteoderm) 1 0.667 2 --> 1 158 (Haversian bone in osteoderms: no osteoderms (0) absent in core of skeleta) 1 0.500 1 --> 0 159 (Basal cortex of skeletally mature osteoderms: no osteoderms (0) present () 1 0.500 1 --> 0 163 (Form of cervical half rings: cervical half rings absent (0), composed of ) 1 0.500 2 --> 1 167 (Millimeter-sized ossicles abundant in spaces between osteoderms in thorac) 1 0.200 1 --> 0 174 (Morphology of proximal, lateral caudal osteoderms: osteoderms absent (0),) 1 0.500 2 --> 1 node_67 --> node_66 11 (Shape of the premaxillary palate: sub-triangular (0), sub-quadrate (1), su) 1 0.667 1 ==> 2 12 (V or U-shaped median indentation of the anterior margin of the premaxilla:) 1 0.250 1 ==> 0 52 (A single large medial polygon of ornamentation in the parietal region: abs) 1 1.000 0 ==> 1 63 (Contact between paroccipital process and quadrate: sutural (0), fused (1).) 1 0.167 0 --> 1 88 (Cingula on maxillary and/or dentary teeth: absent (0), present (1).) 1 0.200 0 --> 1 89 (Maxillary and/or dentary tooth crown shape: pointed (0), rounded (1).) 1 0.200 0 ==> 1 90 (Maxillary and/or dentary tooth denticles: >13 denticles (0), <13 denticles) 1 0.200 0 ==> 1 94 (Contact between atlas and axis: articulated (0), fused (1).) 1 0.250 0 --> 1 97 (Ratio of anteroposterior dorsal centrum length to posterior centrum height) 1 0.250 1 --> 0 99 (Cross sectional shape of neural canal in posterior dorsals: circular (0) e) 1 0.125 0 --> 1 105 (Ratio of maximum distal width to height of the neural spines of proximal ) 1 0.200 1 --> 0 108 (Attachment of haemal arches to their respective centra: articulated (0), ) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 114 (Form of the anterior margin of the coracoid: convex (0), straight (1).) 1 0.333 1 --> 0 145 (Separation of femoral head from greater trochanter: continuous (0), separ) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 151 (Contact between tibia and astragalus: articulated (0), fused, with suture) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 node_66 --> node_65 10 (Dimensions of premaxillary palate: longer than wide (0), wider than long () 1 0.200 1 --> 0 14 (Bone bordering anterior margin of internal nares: premaxilla (0), maxilla ) 1 0.333 1 --> 0 25 (Number of internarial caputegulae: none (0), 1 (1), more than 1 (2).) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 28 (Shape of the maxillary tooth row: straight (0), medially convex (1).) 1 0.167 1 --> 0 55 (Shape of quadrate in lateral aspect: curved (anteriorly convex, posteriorl) 1 0.333 1 --> 0 66 (Contact between basipterygoid processes and pterygoid: sutural (0), fused ) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 83 (Position of glenoid for quadrate relative to mandibular axis: medially off) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 91 (Number of dentary teeth: <25 (0), ?25 (1).) 1 0.200 0 --> 1 97 (Ratio of anteroposterior dorsal centrum length to posterior centrum height) 1 0.250 0 --> 1 104 (Longitudinal ridge at approximate mid-height of centrum of mid and distal) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 106 (Direction of the transverse processes of proximal caudals: craniolaterall) 1 0.500 2 --> 0 113 (Dimensions of coracoid: longer than wide (0), wider than long or equal wi) 1 0.333 0 --> 1 134 (Shape of ischium: straight (0), ventrally flexed at mid-length (1).) 1 0.200 1 --> 0 node_65 --> node_64 27 (Loreal caputegulum in lateral view: no caputegulum (0) 1 caputegulum (1), ) 1 0.500 1 --> 2 46 (Squamosal/postorbital horn: no horn (0) base has broad triangular cross-se) 1 0.222 0 --> 1 56 (Inclination of quadrate in lateral aspect: near vertical (0), almost 45 an) 1 0.250 0 --> 1 87 (Premaxillary teeth: present (0) absent (1).) 1 0.333 1 --> 0 116 (Size of coracoid glenoid relative to scapula glenoid: sub-equal (0), half) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 165 (Distal spines on cervical half ring: absent (0), present, projecting dors) 1 1.000 0 ==> 1 node_64 --> node_63 72 (Direction of paroccipital process extension: caudolateral (0), lateral (1)) 1 0.333 1 ==> 0 119 (Ventral process of scapula at the caudoventral margin of glenoid: absent ) 1 0.333 0 --> 1 156 (Basal surface of osteoderms: no osteoderms (0) flat or gently concave (1)) 1 0.286 1 ==> 2 node_63 --> node_62 30 (Distance between posteriormost extent of maxillary tooth rows relative to ) 1 0.200 1 --> 0 31 (Caudoventral secondary palate: absent (0), present (1)) 1 0.250 1 ==> 0 node_62 --> node_61 105 (Ratio of maximum distal width to height of the neural spines of proximal ) 1 0.200 0 --> 1 108 (Attachment of haemal arches to their respective centra: articulated (0), ) 1 0.250 1 ==> 0 111 (Shape of the posterior haemal arches: rounded haemal spine in lateral vie) 1 0.333 0 --> 1 121 (Orientation of the acromion process of scapula: directed away from the gl) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 134 (Shape of ischium: straight (0), ventrally flexed at mid-length (1).) 1 0.200 0 --> 1 137 (Separation of humeral head and medial tubercle in anterior view: continuo) 1 0.200 1 --> 0 140 (Shape of the radial condyle of humerus round / proximal end of radius in ) 1 1.000 0 ==> 1 143 (Shape of manual and pedal ungual phalanges: narrow, claw-shaped (0) wide,) 1 0.333 1 --> 2 144 (Angle between long axis of femoral head and long axis of shaft: <100 (0),) 1 0.333 2 --> 1 node_61 --> Animantarx ramaljonesi 46 (Squamosal/postorbital horn: no horn (0) base has broad triangular cross-se) 1 0.222 1 --> 0 91 (Number of dentary teeth: <25 (0), ?25 (1).) 1 0.200 1 --> 0 128 (Form of the preacetabular portion of the ilium: straight process (0), pro) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 132 (Postacetabular ilium length, relative to diameter of acetabulum: greater ) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 137 (Separation of humeral head and medial tubercle in anterior view: continuo) 1 0.200 0 --> 1 147 (Oblique ridge on lateral femoral shaft, distal to anterior trochanter: ab) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 node_61 --> Niobrarasaurus coleii 20 (Frontonasal and/or frontoparietal cranial ornamentation: absent (0) rugose) 1 0.400 2 ==> 1 21 (Number of caputegulae in frontonasal and prefrontal region: no caputegulae) 1 0.500 1 ==> 0 22 (Majority of frontonasal and/or frontoparietal caputegulum relief: caputegu) 1 0.286 1 ==> 0 106 (Direction of the transverse processes of proximal caudals: craniolaterall) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 136 (Separation of humeral head and deltopectoral crest in anterior view: cont) 1 0.167 1 ==> 0 155 (Dimensions of largest osteoderm: no osteoderms (0) smaller than a dorsal ) 1 0.400 2 ==> 1 node_61 --> Pawpawsaurus campbelli 16 (External nares, visible in dorsal view: visible (0), hidden (1).) 1 0.200 0 ==> 1 21 (Number of caputegulae in frontonasal and prefrontal region: no caputegulae) 1 0.500 1 ==> 2 22 (Majority of frontonasal and/or frontoparietal caputegulum relief: caputegu) 1 0.286 1 ==> 2 23 (Domed frontonasal caputegulae: domed caputegulae absent (0), rounded cones) 1 0.667 0 ==> 1 28 (Shape of the maxillary tooth row: straight (0), medially convex (1).) 1 0.167 0 --> 1 41 (Ciliary osteoderm (eyelid ossification): absent (0) present (1)) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 55 (Shape of quadrate in lateral aspect: curved (anteriorly convex, posteriorl) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 57 (Form of the anterior surface of the quadrate: transversely concave (0), no) 1 0.333 1 ==> 0 68 (Dorsal extent of median vomer lamina: does not meet skull roof (0), meets ) 1 0.333 1 ==> 0 69 (Pterygoid foramen: absent (0), present (1).) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 node_61 --> Polacanthus foxii 47 (Shape of jugal/quadratojugal horn in dorsal view: quadratojugal horn absen) 1 0.667 1 ==> 2 93 (Type of contact between the atlantal neural arches: no median contact (0),) 1 0.500 1 ==> 0 99 (Cross sectional shape of neural canal in posterior dorsals: circular (0) e) 1 0.125 1 --> 0 104 (Longitudinal ridge at approximate mid-height of centrum of mid and distal) 1 0.500 1 ==> 0 107 (Persistence of transverse processes down the length of the caudal series:) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 126 (Angle of lateral deflection of the preacetabular process of the ilium: 10) 1 0.500 1 ==> 0 143 (Shape of manual and pedal ungual phalanges: narrow, claw-shaped (0) wide,) 1 0.333 2 --> 1 144 (Angle between long axis of femoral head and long axis of shaft: <100 (0),) 1 0.333 1 --> 2 168 (Deeply excavated, dorsoventrally flattened triangular osteoderms: absent ) 1 0.400 1 ==> 2 172 (Form of pelvic osteoderms: no osteoderms (0) unfused (1), coossified oste) 1 0.429 1 ==> 2 node_61 --> Sauropelta edwardsi 51 (Form of the parietal surface: parietals flat to slightly convex (0), parie) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 73 (Bones forming the occipital condyle: basioccipital and exoccipital (0), ba) 1 0.200 1 ==> 0 86 (Length of mandibular caputegulum with respect to the length of the mandibl) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 90 (Maxillary and/or dentary tooth denticles: >13 denticles (0), <13 denticles) 1 0.200 1 ==> 0 94 (Contact between atlas and axis: articulated (0), fused (1).) 1 0.250 1 --> 0 96 (Ratio of maximum neural spine width to height in anterior cervicals: <0.2) 1 0.500 1 ==> 0 99 (Cross sectional shape of neural canal in posterior dorsals: circular (0) e) 1 0.125 1 --> 0 101 (Attachment of dorsal ribs to posterior dorsal vertebrae: articulated (0),) 1 0.200 1 ==> 0 112 (Ossified tendons in distal region of tail: absent (0), present (1).) 1 0.333 1 ==> 0 116 (Size of coracoid glenoid relative to scapula glenoid: sub-equal (0), half) 1 0.500 1 --> 0 129 (Lateral edge of ilium in dorsal view: straight (0), sinuous (1).) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 150 (Maximum distal width of the tibia, compared to the maximum proximal width) 1 0.333 1 ==> 0 163 (Form of cervical half rings: cervical half rings absent (0), composed of ) 1 0.500 1 ==> 2 169 (On deeply excavated triangular osteoderms, furrows perpendicular to basal) 1 0.400 0 ==> 1 170 (Lateralmost osteoderms in thoracic region: absent (0), ovoid or sub-ovoid) 1 0.500 2 ==> 3 node_61 --> Silvisaurus condrayi 46 (Squamosal/postorbital horn: no horn (0) base has broad triangular cross-se) 1 0.222 1 --> 0 101 (Attachment of dorsal ribs to posterior dorsal vertebrae: articulated (0),) 1 0.200 1 ==> 0 103 (Longitudinal groove in ventral surface of the sacrum: absent (0), present) 1 0.333 1 ==> 0 node_62 --> Hungarosaurus tormai 8 (Ornamentation on premaxillary beak: absent (0), present (1)) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 12 (V or U-shaped median indentation of the anterior margin of the premaxilla:) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 44 (Depth of jugal ramus relative to orbit height: jugal height is less than 1) 1 0.200 1 ==> 0 60 (Inclination of the articular surface of the quadrate condyle in posterior ) 1 0.333 1 ==> 0 64 (Contact between pterygoids: pterygoids separate caudomedially, forming an ) 1 0.500 1 ==> 0 80 (Depth of the dentary symphysial ramus relative to half the maximum depth o) 1 0.333 1 ==> 0 89 (Maxillary and/or dentary tooth crown shape: pointed (0), rounded (1).) 1 0.200 1 ==> 0 90 (Maxillary and/or dentary tooth denticles: >13 denticles (0), <13 denticles) 1 0.200 1 ==> 0 113 (Dimensions of coracoid: longer than wide (0), wider than long or equal wi) 1 0.333 1 --> 0 115 (Cranioventral process of coracoid: absent (0), present (1).) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 118 (Scapula glenoid orientation: ventrolateral (0), ventral (1).) 1 0.500 1 ==> 0 139 (Orientation of deltopectoral crest projection: lateral (0), anterolateral) 1 0.250 1 ==> 0 169 (On deeply excavated triangular osteoderms, furrows perpendicular to basal) 1 0.400 0 ==> 1 172 (Form of pelvic osteoderms: no osteoderms (0) unfused (1), coossified oste) 1 0.429 1 ==> 0 node_63 --> Tatankacephalus cooneyorum 13 (Caudoventral extension of premaxillary tomium in lateral view: ends anteri) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 65 (Direction of the pterygoid flange: anterolateral (0), anterior/parasagitta) 1 0.500 1 ==> 0 70 (Position of posterior margin of pterygoid body relative to the anterior ma) 1 0.250 1 ==> 0 74 (Length of basisphenoid relative to the basioccipital: longer (0), shorter ) 1 0.500 1 ==> 0 node_64 --> Struthiosaurus austriacus 53 (Number of discrete nuchal caputegulae: none (0), 2 (1), greater than 2(2)) 1 0.400 0 ==> 1 57 (Form of the anterior surface of the quadrate: transversely concave (0), no) 1 0.333 1 ==> 0 95 (Dimensions of cervical vertebrae centra: anteroposteriorly longer than tra) 1 0.500 1 ==> 0 98 (Longitudinal keel on ventral surface of dorsal centra: present (0), absent) 1 0.250 1 ==> 0 123 (Distal end of scapula shaft: narrow (0), expanded (1).) 1 0.333 1 ==> 0 168 (Deeply excavated, dorsoventrally flattened triangular osteoderms: absent ) 1 0.400 1 ==> 0 node_65 --> Panoplosaurus mirus 6 (Antorbital region of the dorsal skull surface: flat (0), arched (1).) 1 0.167 0 ==> 1 86 (Length of mandibular caputegulum with respect to the length of the mandibl) 1 0.333 0 ==> 2 92 (Type of articulation between the atlantal neural arch and intercentrum: op) 1 0.500 1 --> 0 162 (Number of distinct cervical pectoral bands: none (0), one (1), two (2).) 1 0.750 3 --> 2 node_66 --> "Denversaurus" schlessmani 61 (Lateral ramus of the quadrate: present (0), absent (1).) 1 0.500 1 ==> 0 62 (Dorsoventral depth of the pterygoid process of the quadrate: deep (0), sha) 1 0.500 1 ==> 0 node_66 --> Edmontonia rugosidens 40 (Orbits, angle of orbital axis: <40 (0), >40 (1).) 1 0.143 0 ==> 1 165 (Distal spines on cervical half ring: absent (0), present, projecting dors) 1 1.000 0 ==> 2 node_66 --> Edmontonia longiceps 2 (Lateral temporal fenestra, visible in lateral view: visible (0), not visibl) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 56 (Inclination of quadrate in lateral aspect: near vertical (0), almost 45 an) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 128 (Form of the preacetabular portion of the ilium: straight process (0), pro) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 129 (Lateral edge of ilium in dorsal view: straight (0), sinuous (1).) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 138 (Ratio of deltopectoral crest length to humeral length: ?0.5 (0), >0.5 (1)) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 155 (Dimensions of largest osteoderm: no osteoderms (0) smaller than a dorsal ) 1 0.400 2 ==> 1 node_66 --> Europelta carbonensis 31 (Caudoventral secondary palate: absent (0), present (1)) 1 0.250 1 ==> 0 46 (Squamosal/postorbital horn: no horn (0) base has broad triangular cross-se) 1 0.222 0 ==> 1 54 (Posterior projection of the nuchal shelf: does not obscure occiput in dors) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 58 (Ventral projection of the mandibular process of the quadrate in lateral vi) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 63 (Contact between paroccipital process and quadrate: sutural (0), fused (1).) 1 0.167 1 --> 0 72 (Direction of paroccipital process extension: caudolateral (0), lateral (1)) 1 0.333 1 ==> 0 75 (Form of basisphenoidal tuberosities: medially separated rounded rugose stu) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 80 (Depth of the dentary symphysial ramus relative to half the maximum depth o) 1 0.333 1 ==> 0 90 (Maxillary and/or dentary tooth denticles: >13 denticles (0), <13 denticles) 1 0.200 1 ==> 0 94 (Contact between atlas and axis: articulated (0), fused (1).) 1 0.250 1 --> 0 99 (Cross sectional shape of neural canal in posterior dorsals: circular (0) e) 1 0.125 1 --> 0 133 (Pubis: present (0), indistinct from ilium (1)) 1 0.333 1 ==> 0 134 (Shape of ischium: straight (0), ventrally flexed at mid-length (1).) 1 0.200 1 --> 0 135 (Shape of the dorsal margin of ischium: straight or concave (0), convex (1) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 156 (Basal surface of osteoderms: no osteoderms (0) flat or gently concave (1)) 1 0.286 1 ==> 2 169 (On deeply excavated triangular osteoderms, furrows perpendicular to basal) 1 0.400 0 ==> 1 172 (Form of pelvic osteoderms: no osteoderms (0) unfused (1), coossified oste) 1 0.429 1 ==> 3 node_67 --> Peloroplites cedrimontanus 42 (Development of the postocular shelf: not developed (0), completely separat) 1 0.500 1 ==> 0 54 (Posterior projection of the nuchal shelf: does not obscure occiput in dors) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 60 (Inclination of the articular surface of the quadrate condyle in posterior ) 1 0.333 1 ==> 0 78 (Position of mandible articulation relative to mandibular adductor fossa: p) 1 0.500 1 ==> 0 82 (Development of the coronoid process: not developed (0), distinct (1).) 1 0.200 1 ==> 0 98 (Longitudinal keel on ventral surface of dorsal centra: present (0), absent) 1 0.250 1 ==> 0 119 (Ventral process of scapula at the caudoventral margin of glenoid: absent ) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 121 (Orientation of the acromion process of scapula: directed away from the gl) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 132 (Postacetabular ilium length, relative to diameter of acetabulum: greater ) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 144 (Angle between long axis of femoral head and long axis of shaft: <100 (0),) 1 0.333 2 ==> 1 147 (Oblique ridge on lateral femoral shaft, distal to anterior trochanter: ab) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 150 (Maximum distal width of the tibia, compared to the maximum proximal width) 1 0.333 1 --> 0 node_68 --> Gastonia burgei 6 (Antorbital region of the dorsal skull surface: flat (0), arched (1).) 1 0.167 0 ==> 1 8 (Ornamentation on premaxillary beak: absent (0), present (1)) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 13 (Caudoventral extension of premaxillary tomium in lateral view: ends anteri) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 56 (Inclination of quadrate in lateral aspect: near vertical (0), almost 45 an) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 59 (Form of quadrate mandibular extremity: symmetrical (0), medial condyle lar) 1 0.500 1 ==> 0 73 (Bones forming the occipital condyle: basioccipital and exoccipital (0), ba) 1 0.200 1 --> 0 76 (Size of basipterygoid processes: twice as long as wide or over (0), less t) 1 0.333 1 ==> 0 168 (Deeply excavated, dorsoventrally flattened triangular osteoderms: absent ) 1 0.400 1 ==> 2 172 (Form of pelvic osteoderms: no osteoderms (0) unfused (1), coossified oste) 1 0.429 1 ==> 2 node_89 --> node_88 2 (Lateral temporal fenestra, visible in lateral view: visible (0), not visibl) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 10 (Dimensions of premaxillary palate: longer than wide (0), wider than long () 1 0.200 1 --> 0 16 (External nares, visible in dorsal view: visible (0), hidden (1).) 1 0.200 0 --> 1 54 (Posterior projection of the nuchal shelf: does not obscure occiput in dors) 1 0.250 0 --> 1 75 (Form of basisphenoidal tuberosities: medially separated rounded rugose stu) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 86 (Length of mandibular caputegulum with respect to the length of the mandibl) 1 0.333 0 --> 1 88 (Cingula on maxillary and/or dentary teeth: absent (0), present (1).) 1 0.200 0 --> 1 89 (Maxillary and/or dentary tooth crown shape: pointed (0), rounded (1).) 1 0.200 0 ==> 1 90 (Maxillary and/or dentary tooth denticles: >13 denticles (0), <13 denticles) 1 0.200 0 ==> 1 109 (Extent of pre- and postzygapophyses over their adjacent centra in posteri) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 115 (Cranioventral process of coracoid: absent (0), present (1).) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 124 (Contact between sternal plates: separate (0), fused (1).) 1 1.000 0 --> 1 132 (Postacetabular ilium length, relative to diameter of acetabulum: greater ) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 135 (Shape of the dorsal margin of ischium: straight or concave (0), convex (1) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 143 (Shape of manual and pedal ungual phalanges: narrow, claw-shaped (0) wide,) 1 0.333 1 --> 2 164 (Composition of first cervical half ring with band: no cervical half ring ) 1 0.667 0 --> 1 170 (Lateralmost osteoderms in thoracic region: absent (0), ovoid or sub-ovoid) 1 0.500 2 --> 1 node_88 --> Cedarpelta bilbeyhallorum 31 (Caudoventral secondary palate: absent (0), present (1)) 1 0.250 1 ==> 0 88 (Cingula on maxillary and/or dentary teeth: absent (0), present (1).) 1 0.200 1 ==> 0 105 (Ratio of maximum distal width to height of the neural spines of proximal ) 1 0.200 1 ==> 0 136 (Separation of humeral head and deltopectoral crest in anterior view: cont) 1 0.167 0 ==> 1 138 (Ratio of deltopectoral crest length to humeral length: ?0.5 (0), >0.5 (1)) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 144 (Angle between long axis of femoral head and long axis of shaft: <100 (0),) 1 0.333 2 ==> 1 node_88 --> Chuanqilong chaoyangensis 4 (Skull dimensions, including ornamentation: longer than wide (0), as wide, o) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 109 (Extent of pre- and postzygapophyses over their adjacent centra in posteri) 1 0.500 1 --> 0 123 (Distal end of scapula shaft: narrow (0), expanded (1).) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 135 (Shape of the dorsal margin of ischium: straight or concave (0), convex (1) 1 0.333 1 ==> 0 138 (Ratio of deltopectoral crest length to humeral length: ?0.5 (0), >0.5 (1)) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 145 (Separation of femoral head from greater trochanter: continuous (0), separ) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 161 (Gular osteoderms: absent (0), present (1).) 1 0.250 1 ==> 0 167 (Millimeter-sized ossicles abundant in spaces between osteoderms in thorac) 1 0.200 1 --> 0 node_88 --> node_87 51 (Form of the parietal surface: parietals flat to slightly convex (0), parie) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 56 (Inclination of quadrate in lateral aspect: near vertical (0), almost 45 an) 1 0.250 0 --> 1 82 (Development of the coronoid process: not developed (0), distinct (1).) 1 0.200 1 ==> 0 87 (Premaxillary teeth: present (0) absent (1).) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 99 (Cross sectional shape of neural canal in posterior dorsals: circular (0) e) 1 0.125 0 --> 1 103 (Longitudinal groove in ventral surface of the sacrum: absent (0), present) 1 0.333 1 --> 0 110 (In tail club handle vertebrae, shape of each interlocking neural arch in ) 1 1.000 0 ==> 1 117 (Contact between scapula and coracoid: articulated (0), fused (1).) 1 0.250 0 --> 1 119 (Ventral process of scapula at the caudoventral margin of glenoid: absent ) 1 0.333 0 --> 1 120 (Form of the scapula acromion process: not developed or ridge-like along t) 1 0.667 0 --> 1 130 (Lateral exposure of the acetabulum: exposed (0) acetabulum partially obsc) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 133 (Pubis: present (0), indistinct from ilium (1)) 1 0.333 0 --> 1 143 (Shape of manual and pedal ungual phalanges: narrow, claw-shaped (0) wide,) 1 0.333 2 --> 1 node_87 --> node_85 10 (Dimensions of premaxillary palate: longer than wide (0), wider than long () 1 0.200 0 --> 1 13 (Caudoventral extension of premaxillary tomium in lateral view: ends anteri) 1 0.333 0 --> 1 28 (Shape of the maxillary tooth row: straight (0), medially convex (1).) 1 0.167 0 --> 1 38 (Form of supraorbitals (including ornamentation): absent (0), boss-like, ro) 1 0.500 1 ==> 2 40 (Orbits, angle of orbital axis: <40 (0), >40 (1).) 1 0.143 0 ==> 1 176 (Tail club knob shape: knob absent (0), major knob osteoderms semicircular) 1 1.000 0 ==> 1 177 (Tail club knob proportions: knob absent (0), tail club knob length > widt) 1 0.750 0 ==> 1 node_85 --> node_69 8 (Ornamentation on premaxillary beak: absent (0), present (1)) 1 0.250 0 --> 1 17 (Paranasal apertures/fossae: no fossae or apertures present besides primary) 1 0.333 0 --> 1 46 (Squamosal/postorbital horn: no horn (0) base has broad triangular cross-se) 1 0.222 1 --> 0 63 (Contact between paroccipital process and quadrate: sutural (0), fused (1).) 1 0.167 0 --> 1 86 (Length of mandibular caputegulum with respect to the length of the mandibl) 1 0.333 1 --> 0 97 (Ratio of anteroposterior dorsal centrum length to posterior centrum height) 1 0.250 1 --> 0 114 (Form of the anterior margin of the coracoid: convex (0), straight (1).) 1 0.333 1 --> 0 122 (Scapulocoracoid buttress: absent (0), present (1).) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 node_69 --> Crichtonpelta benxiensis 6 (Antorbital region of the dorsal skull surface: flat (0), arched (1).) 1 0.167 0 ==> 1 15 (External nares, defined as the outermost rim of the nasal vestibule, openi) 1 0.667 0 ==> 1 16 (External nares, visible in dorsal view: visible (0), hidden (1).) 1 0.200 1 ==> 0 39 (Supraorbitals, when viewed dorsally: no supraorbitals (0), combine to form) 1 0.400 1 ==> 2 48 (Jugal/quadratojugal horn: no horn (0) lacks distinct neck at base (1), has) 1 0.500 1 ==> 0 node_69 --> Jinyunpelta sinensis 139 (Orientation of deltopectoral crest projection: lateral (0), anterolateral) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 node_85 --> node_84 32 (Posterior palatal foramen: absent (0), present (1).) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 35 (Lacrimal caputegulum in lateral view: no caputegulum (0) 1 caputegulum (1)) 1 0.667 0 ==> 1 53 (Number of discrete nuchal caputegulae: none (0), 2 (1), greater than 2(2)) 1 0.400 0 ==> 1 58 (Ventral projection of the mandibular process of the quadrate in lateral vi) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 69 (Pterygoid foramen: absent (0), present (1).) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 108 (Attachment of haemal arches to their respective centra: articulated (0), ) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 138 (Ratio of deltopectoral crest length to humeral length: ?0.5 (0), >0.5 (1)) 1 0.250 0 --> 1 151 (Contact between tibia and astragalus: articulated (0), fused, with suture) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 node_84 --> node_83 4 (Skull dimensions, including ornamentation: longer than wide (0), as wide, o) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 15 (External nares, defined as the outermost rim of the nasal vestibule, openi) 1 0.667 0 ==> 1 24 (Supranarial caputegulae, notch or embayment dorsal to nasal vestibule: no ) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 27 (Loreal caputegulum in lateral view: no caputegulum (0) 1 caputegulum (1), ) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 30 (Distance between posteriormost extent of maxillary tooth rows relative to ) 1 0.200 0 ==> 1 36 (Prefrontal caputegulum: no caputegulum (0) flat (1), sharply pointed and p) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 161 (Gular osteoderms: absent (0), present (1).) 1 0.250 1 ==> 0 167 (Millimeter-sized ossicles abundant in spaces between osteoderms in thorac) 1 0.200 1 --> 0 node_83 --> node_70 6 (Antorbital region of the dorsal skull surface: flat (0), arched (1).) 1 0.167 0 ==> 1 14 (Bone bordering anterior margin of internal nares: premaxilla (0), maxilla ) 1 0.333 1 --> 0 16 (External nares, visible in dorsal view: visible (0), hidden (1).) 1 0.200 1 ==> 0 17 (Paranasal apertures/fossae: no fossae or apertures present besides primary) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 44 (Depth of jugal ramus relative to orbit height: jugal height is less than 1) 1 0.200 1 ==> 0 73 (Bones forming the occipital condyle: basioccipital and exoccipital (0), ba) 1 0.200 1 --> 0 115 (Cranioventral process of coracoid: absent (0), present (1).) 1 0.333 1 --> 0 177 (Tail club knob proportions: knob absent (0), tail club knob length > widt) 1 0.750 1 --> 2 node_70 --> Pinacosaurus grangeri 24 (Supranarial caputegulae, notch or embayment dorsal to nasal vestibule: no ) 1 0.500 1 ==> 2 34 (Lacrimal incisure (mediolateral constriction behind the nares/at the prefr) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 36 (Prefrontal caputegulum: no caputegulum (0) flat (1), sharply pointed and p) 1 0.333 1 ==> 2 39 (Supraorbitals, when viewed dorsally: no supraorbitals (0), combine to form) 1 0.400 1 ==> 2 82 (Development of the coronoid process: not developed (0), distinct (1).) 1 0.200 0 ==> 1 166 (Osteoderms on proximal limb segments: absent (0), present (1).) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 170 (Lateralmost osteoderms in thoracic region: absent (0), ovoid or sub-ovoid) 1 0.500 1 --> 2 node_70 --> Pinacosaurus mephistocephalus 46 (Squamosal/postorbital horn: no horn (0) base has broad triangular cross-se) 1 0.222 1 ==> 2 48 (Jugal/quadratojugal horn: no horn (0) lacks distinct neck at base (1), has) 1 0.500 1 ==> 2 56 (Inclination of quadrate in lateral aspect: near vertical (0), almost 45 an) 1 0.250 1 ==> 0 node_83 --> node_82 20 (Frontonasal and/or frontoparietal cranial ornamentation: absent (0) rugose) 1 0.400 1 ==> 2 21 (Number of caputegulae in frontonasal and prefrontal region: no caputegulae) 1 0.500 0 --> 2 22 (Majority of frontonasal and/or frontoparietal caputegulum relief: caputegu) 1 0.286 0 ==> 1 37 (Scroll-like descending process of the frontal: absent (0) present (1)) 1 1.000 0 ==> 1 49 (Jugal or quadratojugal horn size relative to orbit size: no horn (0), leng) 1 0.667 1 ==> 2 84 (Size and projection of the retroarticular process: small with no dorsal pr) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 86 (Length of mandibular caputegulum with respect to the length of the mandibl) 1 0.333 1 ==> 2 164 (Composition of first cervical half ring with band: no cervical half ring ) 1 0.667 1 ==> 2 169 (On deeply excavated triangular osteoderms, furrows perpendicular to basal) 1 0.400 0 --> 1 node_82 --> node_73 63 (Contact between paroccipital process and quadrate: sutural (0), fused (1).) 1 0.167 0 ==> 1 82 (Development of the coronoid process: not developed (0), distinct (1).) 1 0.200 0 --> 1 94 (Contact between atlas and axis: articulated (0), fused (1).) 1 0.250 0 --> 1 136 (Separation of humeral head and deltopectoral crest in anterior view: cont) 1 0.167 0 --> 1 node_73 --> node_72 8 (Ornamentation on premaxillary beak: absent (0), present (1)) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 17 (Paranasal apertures/fossae: no fossae or apertures present besides primary) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 22 (Majority of frontonasal and/or frontoparietal caputegulum relief: caputegu) 1 0.286 1 ==> 2 23 (Domed frontonasal caputegulae: domed caputegulae absent (0), rounded cones) 1 0.667 0 ==> 2 25 (Number of internarial caputegulae: none (0), 1 (1), more than 1 (2).) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 50 (Small (<2 cm diameter), circular caputegulae posterolateral to orbit (post) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 77 (Form of the cranial nerve foramina IX-XII: separate foramina (0), single f) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 node_72 --> Saichania (including T. teresae 30 (Distance between posteriormost extent of maxillary tooth rows relative to ) 1 0.200 1 ==> 0 node_72 --> node_71 25 (Number of internarial caputegulae: none (0), 1 (1), more than 1 (2).) 1 0.500 1 --> 2 27 (Loreal caputegulum in lateral view: no caputegulum (0) 1 caputegulum (1), ) 1 0.500 1 ==> 2 34 (Lacrimal incisure (mediolateral constriction behind the nares/at the prefr) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 35 (Lacrimal caputegulum in lateral view: no caputegulum (0) 1 caputegulum (1)) 1 0.667 1 ==> 2 36 (Prefrontal caputegulum: no caputegulum (0) flat (1), sharply pointed and p) 1 0.333 1 ==> 2 39 (Supraorbitals, when viewed dorsally: no supraorbitals (0), combine to form) 1 0.400 1 ==> 2 54 (Posterior projection of the nuchal shelf: does not obscure occiput in dors) 1 0.250 1 ==> 0 node_71 --> Tarchia kielanae (skull=Minotaur 44 (Depth of jugal ramus relative to orbit height: jugal height is less than 1) 1 0.200 1 ==> 0 45 (Accessory postorbital ossification: absent (0), present (1)) 1 1.000 0 ==> 1 46 (Squamosal/postorbital horn: no horn (0) base has broad triangular cross-se) 1 0.222 1 ==> 2 48 (Jugal/quadratojugal horn: no horn (0) lacks distinct neck at base (1), has) 1 0.500 1 ==> 2 56 (Inclination of quadrate in lateral aspect: near vertical (0), almost 45 an) 1 0.250 1 ==> 0 58 (Ventral projection of the mandibular process of the quadrate in lateral vi) 1 0.250 1 ==> 0 63 (Contact between paroccipital process and quadrate: sutural (0), fused (1).) 1 0.167 1 ==> 0 68 (Dorsal extent of median vomer lamina: does not meet skull roof (0), meets ) 1 0.333 1 ==> 0 node_71 --> Zaraapelta nomadis 40 (Orbits, angle of orbital axis: <40 (0), >40 (1).) 1 0.143 1 ==> 0 53 (Number of discrete nuchal caputegulae: none (0), 2 (1), greater than 2(2)) 1 0.400 1 ==> 0 66 (Contact between basipterygoid processes and pterygoid: sutural (0), fused ) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 77 (Form of the cranial nerve foramina IX-XII: separate foramina (0), single f) 1 0.500 1 --> 0 node_73 --> Tsagantegia longicranialis 4 (Skull dimensions, including ornamentation: longer than wide (0), as wide, o) 1 0.333 1 ==> 0 16 (External nares, visible in dorsal view: visible (0), hidden (1).) 1 0.200 1 ==> 0 32 (Posterior palatal foramen: absent (0), present (1).) 1 0.500 1 ==> 0 40 (Orbits, angle of orbital axis: <40 (0), >40 (1).) 1 0.143 1 ==> 0 69 (Pterygoid foramen: absent (0), present (1).) 1 0.250 1 ==> 0 node_82 --> node_81 21 (Number of caputegulae in frontonasal and prefrontal region: no caputegulae) 1 0.500 2 --> 3 41 (Ciliary osteoderm (eyelid ossification): absent (0) present (1)) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 53 (Number of discrete nuchal caputegulae: none (0), 2 (1), greater than 2(2)) 1 0.400 1 ==> 2 167 (Millimeter-sized ossicles abundant in spaces between osteoderms in thorac) 1 0.200 0 --> 1 node_81 --> node_80 105 (Ratio of maximum distal width to height of the neural spines of proximal ) 1 0.200 1 ==> 0 node_80 --> node_74 22 (Majority of frontonasal and/or frontoparietal caputegulum relief: caputegu) 1 0.286 1 ==> 2 23 (Domed frontonasal caputegulae: domed caputegulae absent (0), rounded cones) 1 0.667 0 ==> 1 40 (Orbits, angle of orbital axis: <40 (0), >40 (1).) 1 0.143 1 --> 0 99 (Cross sectional shape of neural canal in posterior dorsals: circular (0) e) 1 0.125 1 --> 0 158 (Haversian bone in osteoderms: no osteoderms (0) absent in core of skeleta) 1 0.500 1 --> 2 node_74 --> Nodocephalosaurus kirtlandensis 39 (Supraorbitals, when viewed dorsally: no supraorbitals (0), combine to form) 1 0.400 1 ==> 2 node_80 --> node_79 6 (Antorbital region of the dorsal skull surface: flat (0), arched (1).) 1 0.167 0 ==> 1 19 (Vascular impressions on dorsal surface of posterior nasal passage (airway)) 1 1.000 0 --> 1 26 (Median nasal caputegulum (located posterior to the supranarial ornamentati) 1 1.000 0 ==> 1 120 (Form of the scapula acromion process: not developed or ridge-like along t) 1 0.667 1 --> 0 122 (Scapulocoracoid buttress: absent (0), present (1).) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 node_79 --> node_78 50 (Small (<2 cm diameter), circular caputegulae posterolateral to orbit (post) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 node_78 --> node_77 70 (Position of posterior margin of pterygoid body relative to the anterior ma) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 177 (Tail club knob proportions: knob absent (0), tail club knob length > widt) 1 0.750 1 --> 2 node_77 --> node_76 164 (Composition of first cervical half ring with band: no cervical half ring ) 1 0.667 2 ==> 1 node_76 --> node_75 50 (Small (<2 cm diameter), circular caputegulae posterolateral to orbit (post) 1 0.333 1 ==> 0 node_75 --> Ankylosaurus magniventris 15 (External nares, defined as the outermost rim of the nasal vestibule, openi) 1 0.667 1 ==> 2 30 (Distance between posteriormost extent of maxillary tooth rows relative to ) 1 0.200 1 ==> 0 40 (Orbits, angle of orbital axis: <40 (0), >40 (1).) 1 0.143 1 ==> 0 91 (Number of dentary teeth: <25 (0), ?25 (1).) 1 0.200 0 ==> 1 110 (In tail club handle vertebrae, shape of each interlocking neural arch in ) 1 1.000 1 ==> 3 136 (Separation of humeral head and deltopectoral crest in anterior view: cont) 1 0.167 0 ==> 1 node_75 --> Euoplocephalus tutus 82 (Development of the coronoid process: not developed (0), distinct (1).) 1 0.200 0 ==> 1 node_76 --> Scolosaurus cutleri 132 (Postacetabular ilium length, relative to diameter of acetabulum: greater ) 1 0.250 1 ==> 0 166 (Osteoderms on proximal limb segments: absent (0), present (1).) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 node_77 --> Anodontosaurus lambei 40 (Orbits, angle of orbital axis: <40 (0), >40 (1).) 1 0.143 1 ==> 0 176 (Tail club knob shape: knob absent (0), major knob osteoderms semicircular) 1 1.000 1 ==> 2 177 (Tail club knob proportions: knob absent (0), tail club knob length > widt) 1 0.750 2 --> 3 node_78 --> Zuul cruravastator 12 (V or U-shaped median indentation of the anterior margin of the premaxilla:) 1 0.250 1 ==> 0 36 (Prefrontal caputegulum: no caputegulum (0) flat (1), sharply pointed and p) 1 0.333 1 ==> 2 69 (Pterygoid foramen: absent (0), present (1).) 1 0.250 1 ==> 0 84 (Size and projection of the retroarticular process: small with no dorsal pr) 1 0.500 1 --> 0 86 (Length of mandibular caputegulum with respect to the length of the mandibl) 1 0.333 2 ==> 0 89 (Maxillary and/or dentary tooth crown shape: pointed (0), rounded (1).) 1 0.200 1 ==> 0 161 (Gular osteoderms: absent (0), present (1).) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 170 (Lateralmost osteoderms in thoracic region: absent (0), ovoid or sub-ovoid) 1 0.500 1 ==> 2 node_81 --> Dyoplosaurus acutosquameus 38 (Form of supraorbitals (including ornamentation): absent (0), boss-like, ro) 1 0.500 2 ==> 1 143 (Shape of manual and pedal ungual phalanges: narrow, claw-shaped (0) wide,) 1 0.333 1 ==> 2 node_84 --> Datai yinliangis 7 (Deep longitudinal furrow on premaxilla: absent (0), present (1).) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 10 (Dimensions of premaxillary palate: longer than wide (0), wider than long () 1 0.200 1 --> 0 11 (Shape of the premaxillary palate: sub-triangular (0), sub-quadrate (1), su) 1 0.667 1 ==> 0 28 (Shape of the maxillary tooth row: straight (0), medially convex (1).) 1 0.167 1 --> 0 51 (Form of the parietal surface: parietals flat to slightly convex (0), parie) 1 0.333 1 ==> 0 70 (Position of posterior margin of pterygoid body relative to the anterior ma) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 117 (Contact between scapula and coracoid: articulated (0), fused (1).) 1 0.250 1 --> 0 156 (Basal surface of osteoderms: no osteoderms (0) flat or gently concave (1)) 1 0.286 2 --> 1 168 (Deeply excavated, dorsoventrally flattened triangular osteoderms: absent ) 1 0.400 1 ==> 0 node_87 --> node_86 6 (Antorbital region of the dorsal skull surface: flat (0), arched (1).) 1 0.167 0 ==> 1 7 (Deep longitudinal furrow on premaxilla: absent (0), present (1).) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 49 (Jugal or quadratojugal horn size relative to orbit size: no horn (0), leng) 1 0.667 1 ==> 2 73 (Bones forming the occipital condyle: basioccipital and exoccipital (0), ba) 1 0.200 1 --> 0 76 (Size of basipterygoid processes: twice as long as wide or over (0), less t) 1 0.333 1 --> 0 node_86 --> Gobisaurus domoculus 75 (Form of basisphenoidal tuberosities: medially separated rounded rugose stu) 1 0.333 1 ==> 0 node_86 --> Shamosaurus scutatus 53 (Number of discrete nuchal caputegulae: none (0), 2 (1), greater than 2(2)) 1 0.400 0 ==> 1 56 (Inclination of quadrate in lateral aspect: near vertical (0), almost 45 an) 1 0.250 1 --> 0 63 (Contact between paroccipital process and quadrate: sutural (0), fused (1).) 1 0.167 0 ==> 1 66 (Contact between basipterygoid processes and pterygoid: sutural (0), fused ) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 node_88 --> Liaoningosaurus paradoxus 101 (Attachment of dorsal ribs to posterior dorsal vertebrae: articulated (0),) 1 0.200 1 --> 0 112 (Ossified tendons in distal region of tail: absent (0), present (1).) 1 0.333 1 ==> 0 146 (Differentiation of the anterior trochanter of the femur: separated from f) 1 0.500 1 ==> 0 152 (Number of pedal digits: 5 (0), 4 (1), 3 (2).) 1 0.667 2 ==> 0 153 (Phalangeal number in pedal digit IV: 5 (0), ?4 (1)) 1 0.500 1 ==> 0 node_90 --> Gargoyleosaurus parkpinorum 21 (Number of caputegulae in frontonasal and prefrontal region: no caputegulae) 1 0.500 0 ==> 2 22 (Majority of frontonasal and/or frontoparietal caputegulum relief: caputegu) 1 0.286 0 ==> 1 24 (Supranarial caputegulae, notch or embayment dorsal to nasal vestibule: no ) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 25 (Number of internarial caputegulae: none (0), 1 (1), more than 1 (2).) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 36 (Prefrontal caputegulum: no caputegulum (0) flat (1), sharply pointed and p) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 56 (Inclination of quadrate in lateral aspect: near vertical (0), almost 45 an) 1 0.250 0 ==> 2 83 (Position of glenoid for quadrate relative to mandibular axis: medially off) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 91 (Number of dentary teeth: <25 (0), ?25 (1).) 1 0.200 0 ==> 1 145 (Separation of femoral head from greater trochanter: continuous (0), separ) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 148 (Form of the fourth trochanter: pendant (0), ridge-like (1).) 1 0.500 1 --> 0 158 (Haversian bone in osteoderms: no osteoderms (0) absent in core of skeleta) 1 0.500 1 ==> 2 172 (Form of pelvic osteoderms: no osteoderms (0) unfused (1), coossified oste) 1 0.429 1 ==> 2 node_91 --> Hylaeosaurus armatus 98 (Longitudinal keel on ventral surface of dorsal centra: present (0), absent) 1 0.250 1 ==> 0 101 (Attachment of dorsal ribs to posterior dorsal vertebrae: articulated (0),) 1 0.200 1 --> 0 113 (Dimensions of coracoid: longer than wide (0), wider than long or equal wi) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 128 (Form of the preacetabular portion of the ilium: straight process (0), pro) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 155 (Dimensions of largest osteoderm: no osteoderms (0) smaller than a dorsal ) 1 0.400 2 ==> 1 node_92 --> Kunbarrasaurus ieversi 2 (Lateral temporal fenestra, visible in lateral view: visible (0), not visibl) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 28 (Shape of the maxillary tooth row: straight (0), medially convex (1).) 1 0.167 0 ==> 1 58 (Ventral projection of the mandibular process of the quadrate in lateral vi) 1 0.250 0 --> 1 89 (Maxillary and/or dentary tooth crown shape: pointed (0), rounded (1).) 1 0.200 0 ==> 1 125 (Length of the preacetabular process of ilium as a percentage of total ili) 1 0.500 1 ==> 0 166 (Osteoderms on proximal limb segments: absent (0), present (1).) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 173 (Caudal osteoderms: absent (0), present on dorsal or dorsolateral surfaces) 1 0.667 1 --> 2 174 (Morphology of proximal, lateral caudal osteoderms: osteoderms absent (0),) 1 0.500 2 ==> 1 node_93 --> Mymoorapelta maysi 108 (Attachment of haemal arches to their respective centra: articulated (0), ) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 128 (Form of the preacetabular portion of the ilium: straight process (0), pro) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 130 (Lateral exposure of the acetabulum: exposed (0) acetabulum partially obsc) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 134 (Shape of ischium: straight (0), ventrally flexed at mid-length (1).) 1 0.200 0 ==> 1 139 (Orientation of deltopectoral crest projection: lateral (0), anterolateral) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 156 (Basal surface of osteoderms: no osteoderms (0) flat or gently concave (1)) 1 0.286 1 ==> 2 169 (On deeply excavated triangular osteoderms, furrows perpendicular to basal) 1 0.400 0 ==> 2 172 (Form of pelvic osteoderms: no osteoderms (0) unfused (1), coossified oste) 1 0.429 1 ==> 2 DELTRAN Character change lists: Character CI Steps Changes ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 (Antorbital fenestra: present (0) absent (1).) 1.000 1 node_93 0 --> 1 node_92 2 (Lateral temporal fenestra, visible in lateral view: visible (0), not visible (1)) 0.333 1 node_66 0 ==> 1 Edmontonia longiceps 1 node_89 0 ==> 1 node_88 1 node_92 0 ==> 1 Kunbarrasaurus ieversi 3 (Supratemporal fenestra: open (0), closed (1).) 1.000 1 node_93 0 --> 1 node_92 4 (Skull dimensions, including ornamentation: longer than wide (0), as wide, or wid) 0.333 1 node_88 0 ==> 1 Chuanqilong chaoyangensis 1 node_84 0 ==> 1 node_83 1 node_73 1 ==> 0 Tsagantegia longicranialis 5 (Width of the posterior margin of the skull (including squamosal horns where appl) 1.000 1 node_68 0 ==> 1 node_67 6 (Antorbital region of the dorsal skull surface: flat (0), arched (1).) 0.167 1 node_65 0 ==> 1 Panoplosaurus mirus 1 node_68 0 ==> 1 Gastonia burgei 1 node_69 0 ==> 1 Crichtonpelta benxiensis 1 node_83 0 ==> 1 node_70 1 node_80 0 ==> 1 node_79 1 node_87 0 ==> 1 node_86 7 (Deep longitudinal furrow on premaxilla: absent (0), present (1).) 0.500 1 node_84 0 ==> 1 Datai yinliangis 1 node_87 0 ==> 1 node_86 8 (Ornamentation on premaxillary beak: absent (0), present (1)) 0.250 1 node_62 0 ==> 1 Hungarosaurus tormai 1 node_68 0 ==> 1 Gastonia burgei 1 node_69 0 --> 1 Jinyunpelta sinensis 1 node_73 0 ==> 1 node_72 9 (Premaxillary sinus: absent (0), present (1)) 1.000 1 node_87 0 --> 1 node_85 10 (Dimensions of premaxillary palate: longer than wide (0), wider than long (1).) 0.200 1 node_89 0 --> 1 node_68 1 node_63 1 --> 0 node_62 1 node_69 0 --> 1 Jinyunpelta sinensis 1 node_84 0 --> 1 node_83 1 node_90 0 --> 1 Gargoyleosaurus parkpinorum 11 (Shape of the premaxillary palate: sub-triangular (0), sub-quadrate (1), sub-ova) 0.667 1 node_91 0 --> 1 node_90 1 node_67 1 ==> 2 node_66 1 node_84 1 ==> 0 Datai yinliangis 12 (V or U-shaped median indentation of the anterior margin of the premaxilla: abse) 0.250 1 node_91 0 --> 1 node_90 1 node_67 1 ==> 0 node_66 1 node_62 0 ==> 1 Hungarosaurus tormai 1 node_78 1 ==> 0 Zuul cruravastator 13 (Caudoventral extension of premaxillary tomium in lateral view: ends anteriorly ) 0.333 1 node_63 0 ==> 1 Tatankacephalus cooneyorum 1 node_68 0 ==> 1 Gastonia burgei 1 node_85 0 --> 1 node_84 14 (Bone bordering anterior margin of internal nares: premaxilla (0), maxilla (1).) 0.333 1 node_90 0 ==> 1 node_89 1 node_63 1 --> 0 node_62 1 node_70 1 --> 0 Pinacosaurus grangeri 15 (External nares, defined as the outermost rim of the nasal vestibule, opening fa) 0.667 1 node_69 0 ==> 1 Crichtonpelta benxiensis 1 node_84 0 ==> 1 node_83 1 node_75 1 ==> 2 Ankylosaurus magniventris 16 (External nares, visible in dorsal view: visible (0), hidden (1).) 0.200 1 node_61 0 ==> 1 Pawpawsaurus campbelli 1 node_88 0 --> 1 node_87 1 node_69 1 ==> 0 Crichtonpelta benxiensis 1 node_83 1 ==> 0 node_70 1 node_73 1 ==> 0 Tsagantegia longicranialis 17 (Paranasal apertures/fossae: no fossae or apertures present besides primary open) 0.333 1 node_69 0 --> 1 Jinyunpelta sinensis 1 node_83 0 ==> 1 node_70 1 node_73 0 ==> 1 node_72 18 (Shape of respiratory passage: straight or arched (0), with anterior (rostral) a) 1.000 1 node_87 0 --> 1 node_85 19 (Vascular impressions on dorsal surface of posterior nasal passage (airway): abs) 1.000 1 node_78 0 --> 1 node_77 20 (Frontonasal and/or frontoparietal cranial ornamentation: absent (0) rugose, not) 0.400 1 node_93 0 --> 2 node_92 1 node_61 2 ==> 1 Niobrarasaurus coleii 1 node_68 2 --> 1 Gastonia burgei 1 node_89 2 --> 1 node_88 1 node_83 1 ==> 2 node_82 21 (Number of caputegulae in frontonasal and prefrontal region: no caputegulae (0),) 0.500 1 node_67 0 --> 1 node_66 1 node_61 1 ==> 0 Niobrarasaurus coleii 1 node_61 1 ==> 2 Pawpawsaurus campbelli 1 node_82 0 --> 2 node_73 1 node_80 0 --> 3 node_79 1 node_90 0 ==> 2 Gargoyleosaurus parkpinorum 22 (Majority of frontonasal and/or frontoparietal caputegulum relief: caputegulae a) 0.286 1 node_68 0 ==> 1 node_67 1 node_61 1 ==> 0 Niobrarasaurus coleii 1 node_61 1 ==> 2 Pawpawsaurus campbelli 1 node_83 0 ==> 1 node_82 1 node_73 1 ==> 2 node_72 1 node_80 1 ==> 2 node_74 1 node_90 0 ==> 1 Gargoyleosaurus parkpinorum 23 (Domed frontonasal caputegulae: domed caputegulae absent (0), rounded cones with) 0.667 1 node_61 0 ==> 1 Pawpawsaurus campbelli 1 node_73 0 ==> 2 node_72 1 node_80 0 ==> 1 node_74 24 (Supranarial caputegulae, notch or embayment dorsal to nasal vestibule: no supra) 0.500 1 node_67 0 --> 1 node_66 1 node_84 0 ==> 1 node_83 1 node_70 1 ==> 2 Pinacosaurus grangeri 1 node_90 0 ==> 1 Gargoyleosaurus parkpinorum 25 (Number of internarial caputegulae: none (0), 1 (1), more than 1 (2).) 0.500 1 node_66 0 ==> 1 node_65 1 node_72 0 --> 1 Saichania (including T. teresae 1 node_71 0 --> 2 Tarchia kielanae (skull=Minotaur 1 node_90 0 ==> 1 Gargoyleosaurus parkpinorum 26 (Median nasal caputegulum (located posterior to the supranarial ornamentation, o) 1.000 1 node_80 0 ==> 1 node_79 27 (Loreal caputegulum in lateral view: no caputegulum (0) 1 caputegulum (1), more ) 0.500 1 node_67 0 --> 1 node_66 1 node_61 1 --> 2 Pawpawsaurus campbelli 1 node_83 0 --> 1 node_82 1 node_72 1 ==> 2 node_71 28 (Shape of the maxillary tooth row: straight (0), medially convex (1).) 0.167 1 node_67 0 --> 1 node_66 1 node_61 1 --> 0 Silvisaurus condrayi 1 node_63 1 --> 0 Tatankacephalus cooneyorum 1 node_69 0 --> 1 Jinyunpelta sinensis 1 node_84 0 --> 1 node_83 1 node_92 0 ==> 1 Kunbarrasaurus ieversi 29 (Maxillary tooth row position: lateral margin of skull (0), inset (1).) 1.000 1 node_96 0 --> 1 node_95 30 (Distance between posteriormost extent of maxillary tooth rows relative to the w) 0.200 1 node_89 0 ==> 1 node_68 1 node_62 1 --> 0 node_61 1 node_84 0 ==> 1 node_83 1 node_72 1 ==> 0 Saichania (including T. teresae 1 node_75 1 ==> 0 Ankylosaurus magniventris 31 (Caudoventral secondary palate: absent (0), present (1)) 0.250 1 node_93 0 --> 1 node_92 1 node_63 1 ==> 0 node_62 1 node_66 1 ==> 0 Europelta carbonensis 1 node_88 1 ==> 0 Cedarpelta bilbeyhallorum 32 (Posterior palatal foramen: absent (0), present (1).) 0.500 1 node_85 0 ==> 1 node_84 1 node_73 1 ==> 0 Tsagantegia longicranialis 33 (Gap between palate and braincase: open (0), closed by a dorsal projection of th) 1.000 1 node_93 0 --> 1 node_92 34 (Lacrimal incisure (mediolateral constriction behind the nares/at the prefrontal) 0.500 1 node_70 0 ==> 1 Pinacosaurus grangeri 1 node_72 0 ==> 1 node_71 35 (Lacrimal caputegulum in lateral view: no caputegulum (0) 1 caputegulum (1), mor) 0.667 1 node_67 0 --> 1 node_66 1 node_85 0 ==> 1 node_84 1 node_72 1 ==> 2 node_71 36 (Prefrontal caputegulum: no caputegulum (0) flat (1), sharply pointed and pyrami) 0.333 1 node_61 0 --> 1 Pawpawsaurus campbelli 1 node_84 0 ==> 1 node_83 1 node_70 1 ==> 2 Pinacosaurus grangeri 1 node_72 1 ==> 2 node_71 1 node_78 1 ==> 2 Zuul cruravastator 1 node_90 0 ==> 1 Gargoyleosaurus parkpinorum 37 (Scroll-like descending process of the frontal: absent (0) present (1)) 1.000 1 node_83 0 ==> 1 node_82 38 (Form of supraorbitals (including ornamentation): absent (0), boss-like, rounded) 0.500 1 node_93 0 --> 2 node_92 1 node_90 2 ==> 1 node_89 1 node_87 1 ==> 2 node_85 1 node_81 2 ==> 1 Dyoplosaurus acutosquameus 39 (Supraorbitals, when viewed dorsally: no supraorbitals (0), combine to form cont) 0.400 1 node_93 0 --> 1 node_92 1 node_69 1 ==> 2 Crichtonpelta benxiensis 1 node_70 1 ==> 2 Pinacosaurus grangeri 1 node_72 1 ==> 2 node_71 1 node_74 1 ==> 2 Nodocephalosaurus kirtlandensis 40 (Orbits, angle of orbital axis: <40 (0), >40 (1).) 0.143 1 node_66 0 ==> 1 Edmontonia rugosidens 1 node_87 0 ==> 1 node_85 1 node_71 1 ==> 0 Zaraapelta nomadis 1 node_73 1 ==> 0 Tsagantegia longicranialis 1 node_74 1 --> 0 Talarurus plicatospineus 1 node_75 1 ==> 0 Ankylosaurus magniventris 1 node_77 1 ==> 0 Anodontosaurus lambei 41 (Ciliary osteoderm (eyelid ossification): absent (0) present (1)) 0.500 1 node_61 0 ==> 1 Pawpawsaurus campbelli 1 node_82 0 ==> 1 node_81 42 (Development of the postocular shelf: not developed (0), completely separating o) 0.500 1 node_90 0 --> 1 node_89 1 node_67 1 ==> 0 Peloroplites cedrimontanus 43 (Proportions of jugal orbital ramus: depth greater than transverse breadth (0), ) 1.000 1 node_96 0 --> 1 node_95 44 (Depth of jugal ramus relative to orbit height: jugal height is less than 15% or) 0.200 1 node_95 0 --> 1 Scelidosaurus harrisonii 1 node_91 0 --> 1 node_90 1 node_62 1 ==> 0 Hungarosaurus tormai 1 node_83 1 ==> 0 node_70 1 node_71 1 ==> 0 Tarchia kielanae (skull=Minotaur 45 (Accessory postorbital ossification: absent (0), present (1)) 1.000 1 node_71 0 ==> 1 Tarchia kielanae (skull=Minotaur 46 (Squamosal/postorbital horn: no horn (0) base has broad triangular cross-section) 0.222 1 node_92 0 --> 1 node_91 1 node_68 1 ==> 0 node_67 1 node_61 0 --> 1 Pawpawsaurus campbelli 1 node_61 0 --> 1 Sauropelta edwardsi 1 node_63 0 --> 1 Tatankacephalus cooneyorum 1 node_66 0 ==> 1 Europelta carbonensis 1 node_69 1 --> 0 Crichtonpelta benxiensis 1 node_70 1 ==> 2 Pinacosaurus mephistocephalus 1 node_71 1 ==> 2 Tarchia kielanae (skull=Minotaur 47 (Shape of jugal/quadratojugal horn in dorsal view: quadratojugal horn absent (0)) 0.667 1 node_91 0 --> 2 node_90 1 node_68 2 ==> 1 node_67 1 node_61 1 ==> 2 Polacanthus foxii 48 (Jugal/quadratojugal horn: no horn (0) lacks distinct neck at base (1), has dist) 0.500 1 node_91 0 --> 1 node_90 1 node_69 1 ==> 0 Crichtonpelta benxiensis 1 node_70 1 ==> 2 Pinacosaurus mephistocephalus 1 node_71 1 ==> 2 Tarchia kielanae (skull=Minotaur 49 (Jugal or quadratojugal horn size relative to orbit size: no horn (0), length of) 0.667 1 node_91 0 --> 1 node_90 1 node_83 1 ==> 2 node_82 1 node_87 1 ==> 2 node_86 50 (Small (<2 cm diameter), circular caputegulae posterolateral to orbit (postocula) 0.333 1 node_73 0 ==> 1 node_72 1 node_79 0 ==> 1 node_78 1 node_76 1 ==> 0 node_75 51 (Form of the parietal surface: parietals flat to slightly convex (0), parietals ) 0.333 1 node_61 0 ==> 1 Sauropelta edwardsi 1 node_88 0 ==> 1 node_87 1 node_84 1 ==> 0 Datai yinliangis 52 (A single large medial polygon of ornamentation in the parietal region: absent () 1.000 1 node_67 0 ==> 1 node_66 53 (Number of discrete nuchal caputegulae: none (0), 2 (1), greater than 2(2)) 0.400 1 node_64 0 ==> 1 Struthiosaurus austriacus 1 node_85 0 ==> 1 node_84 1 node_71 1 ==> 0 Zaraapelta nomadis 1 node_82 1 ==> 2 node_81 1 node_86 0 ==> 1 Shamosaurus scutatus 54 (Posterior projection of the nuchal shelf: does not obscure occiput in dorsal vi) 0.250 1 node_66 0 ==> 1 Europelta carbonensis 1 node_67 0 ==> 1 Peloroplites cedrimontanus 1 node_88 0 --> 1 node_87 1 node_72 1 ==> 0 node_71 55 (Shape of quadrate in lateral aspect: curved (anteriorly convex, posteriorly con) 0.333 1 node_91 0 --> 1 node_90 1 node_65 1 --> 0 node_64 1 node_61 0 ==> 1 Pawpawsaurus campbelli 56 (Inclination of quadrate in lateral aspect: near vertical (0), almost 45 anterol) 0.250 1 node_64 0 --> 1 node_63 1 node_66 0 ==> 1 Edmontonia longiceps 1 node_68 0 ==> 1 Gastonia burgei 1 node_87 0 --> 1 node_85 1 node_70 1 ==> 0 Pinacosaurus mephistocephalus 1 node_71 1 ==> 0 Tarchia kielanae (skull=Minotaur 1 node_86 0 --> 1 Gobisaurus domoculus 1 node_90 0 ==> 2 Gargoyleosaurus parkpinorum 57 (Form of the anterior surface of the quadrate: transversely concave (0), not con) 0.333 1 node_93 0 --> 1 node_92 1 node_61 1 ==> 0 Pawpawsaurus campbelli 1 node_64 1 ==> 0 Struthiosaurus austriacus 58 (Ventral projection of the mandibular process of the quadrate in lateral view: p) 0.250 1 node_66 0 ==> 1 Europelta carbonensis 1 node_85 0 ==> 1 node_84 1 node_71 1 ==> 0 Tarchia kielanae (skull=Minotaur 1 node_92 0 --> 1 Kunbarrasaurus ieversi 59 (Form of quadrate mandibular extremity: symmetrical (0), medial condyle larger t) 0.500 1 node_96 0 --> 1 node_95 1 node_68 1 ==> 0 Gastonia burgei 60 (Inclination of the articular surface of the quadrate condyle in posterior view:) 0.333 1 node_95 0 ==> 1 node_94 1 node_62 1 ==> 0 Hungarosaurus tormai 1 node_67 1 ==> 0 Peloroplites cedrimontanus 61 (Lateral ramus of the quadrate: present (0), absent (1).) 0.500 1 node_95 0 ==> 1 node_94 1 node_66 1 ==> 0 "Denversaurus" schlessmani 62 (Dorsoventral depth of the pterygoid process of the quadrate: deep (0), shallow ) 0.500 1 node_93 0 --> 1 node_92 1 node_66 1 ==> 0 "Denversaurus" schlessmani 63 (Contact between paroccipital process and quadrate: sutural (0), fused (1).) 0.167 1 node_66 0 --> 1 node_65 1 node_66 0 --> 1 Edmontonia longiceps 1 node_69 0 --> 1 Crichtonpelta benxiensis 1 node_82 0 ==> 1 node_73 1 node_71 1 ==> 0 Tarchia kielanae (skull=Minotaur 1 node_86 0 ==> 1 Shamosaurus scutatus 64 (Contact between pterygoids: pterygoids separate caudomedially, forming an inter) 0.500 1 node_67 0 --> 1 node_66 1 node_62 1 ==> 0 Hungarosaurus tormai 65 (Direction of the pterygoid flange: anterolateral (0), anterior/parasagittal (1)) 0.500 1 node_67 0 --> 1 node_66 1 node_63 1 ==> 0 Tatankacephalus cooneyorum 66 (Contact between basipterygoid processes and pterygoid: sutural (0), fused (1).) 0.333 1 node_66 0 ==> 1 node_65 1 node_71 0 ==> 1 Zaraapelta nomadis 1 node_86 0 ==> 1 Shamosaurus scutatus 67 (Position of ventral margin of the pterygovomerine keel relative to alveolar rid) 1.000 1 node_93 0 --> 1 node_92 68 (Dorsal extent of median vomer lamina: does not meet skull roof (0), meets skull) 0.333 1 node_90 0 ==> 1 node_89 1 node_61 1 ==> 0 Pawpawsaurus campbelli 1 node_71 1 ==> 0 Tarchia kielanae (skull=Minotaur 69 (Pterygoid foramen: absent (0), present (1).) 0.250 1 node_61 0 ==> 1 Pawpawsaurus campbelli 1 node_85 0 ==> 1 node_84 1 node_73 1 ==> 0 Tsagantegia longicranialis 1 node_78 1 ==> 0 Zuul cruravastator 70 (Position of posterior margin of pterygoid body relative to the anterior margin ) 0.250 1 node_89 0 ==> 1 node_68 1 node_63 1 ==> 0 Tatankacephalus cooneyorum 1 node_78 0 ==> 1 node_77 1 node_84 0 ==> 1 Datai yinliangis 71 (Size of occiput: higher than wide (0), wider than high (1).) 1.000 1 node_96 0 --> 1 node_95 72 (Direction of paroccipital process extension: caudolateral (0), lateral (1).) 0.333 1 node_90 0 ==> 1 node_89 1 node_64 1 ==> 0 node_63 1 node_66 1 ==> 0 Europelta carbonensis 73 (Bones forming the occipital condyle: basioccipital and exoccipital (0), basiocc) 0.200 1 node_67 0 --> 1 node_66 1 node_61 1 ==> 0 Sauropelta edwardsi 1 node_88 0 --> 1 Cedarpelta bilbeyhallorum 1 node_69 0 --> 1 Crichtonpelta benxiensis 1 node_83 0 --> 1 node_82 74 (Length of basisphenoid relative to the basioccipital: longer (0), shorter or eq) 0.500 1 node_96 0 --> 1 node_95 1 node_63 1 ==> 0 Tatankacephalus cooneyorum 75 (Form of basisphenoidal tuberosities: medially separated rounded rugose stubs (0) 0.333 1 node_66 0 ==> 1 Europelta carbonensis 1 node_89 0 ==> 1 node_88 1 node_86 1 ==> 0 Gobisaurus domoculus 76 (Size of basipterygoid processes: twice as long as wide or over (0), less than t) 0.333 1 node_93 0 --> 1 node_92 1 node_68 1 ==> 0 Gastonia burgei 1 node_86 1 --> 0 Gobisaurus domoculus 77 (Form of the cranial nerve foramina IX-XII: separate foramina (0), single forame) 0.500 1 node_72 0 --> 1 Saichania (including T. teresae 1 node_71 0 --> 1 Tarchia kielanae (skull=Minotaur 78 (Position of mandible articulation relative to mandibular adductor fossa: poster) 0.500 1 node_91 0 --> 1 node_90 1 node_67 1 ==> 0 Peloroplites cedrimontanus 79 (Mandibular fenestra: present (0), absent (1).) 0.500 1 node_95 0 --> 1 Scelidosaurus harrisonii 1 node_93 0 --> 1 node_92 80 (Depth of the dentary symphysial ramus relative to half the maximum depth of the) 0.333 1 node_95 0 --> 1 node_94 1 node_62 1 ==> 0 Hungarosaurus tormai 1 node_66 1 ==> 0 Europelta carbonensis 81 (Shape of dorsal margin of the dentary in lateral view: straight (0), sinuous (1) 1.000 1 node_96 0 --> 1 node_95 82 (Development of the coronoid process: not developed (0), distinct (1).) 0.200 1 node_67 1 ==> 0 Peloroplites cedrimontanus 1 node_88 1 ==> 0 node_87 1 node_70 0 ==> 1 Pinacosaurus grangeri 1 node_73 0 --> 1 node_72 1 node_75 0 ==> 1 Euoplocephalus tutus 83 (Position of glenoid for quadrate relative to mandibular axis: medially offset () 0.500 1 node_66 0 ==> 1 node_65 1 node_90 0 ==> 1 Gargoyleosaurus parkpinorum 84 (Size and projection of the retroarticular process: small with no dorsal project) 0.500 1 node_73 0 --> 1 node_72 1 node_78 0 --> 1 node_77 85 (Size of predentary ventral process: distinct, prong shaped process (0), rudimen) 1.000 1 node_90 0 --> 1 node_89 86 (Length of mandibular caputegulum with respect to the length of the mandible: le) 0.333 1 node_61 0 ==> 1 Sauropelta edwardsi 1 node_65 0 ==> 2 Panoplosaurus mirus 1 node_85 0 --> 1 node_84 1 node_83 1 ==> 2 node_82 1 node_78 2 ==> 0 Zuul cruravastator 1 node_86 0 --> 1 Shamosaurus scutatus 87 (Premaxillary teeth: present (0) absent (1).) 0.333 1 node_89 0 ==> 1 node_68 1 node_64 1 --> 0 node_63 1 node_88 0 ==> 1 node_87 88 (Cingula on maxillary and/or dentary teeth: absent (0), present (1).) 0.200 1 node_96 0 --> 1 node_95 1 node_67 1 --> 0 Peloroplites cedrimontanus 1 node_68 1 --> 0 Gastonia burgei 1 node_88 1 ==> 0 Cedarpelta bilbeyhallorum 1 node_90 1 --> 0 Gargoyleosaurus parkpinorum 89 (Maxillary and/or dentary tooth crown shape: pointed (0), rounded (1).) 0.200 1 node_67 0 ==> 1 node_66 1 node_62 1 ==> 0 Hungarosaurus tormai 1 node_89 0 ==> 1 node_88 1 node_78 1 ==> 0 Zuul cruravastator 1 node_92 0 ==> 1 Kunbarrasaurus ieversi 90 (Maxillary and/or dentary tooth denticles: >13 denticles (0), <13 denticles (1)) 0.200 1 node_67 0 ==> 1 node_66 1 node_61 1 ==> 0 Sauropelta edwardsi 1 node_62 1 ==> 0 Hungarosaurus tormai 1 node_66 1 ==> 0 Europelta carbonensis 1 node_89 0 ==> 1 node_88 91 (Number of dentary teeth: <25 (0), ?25 (1).) 0.200 1 node_94 0 ==> 1 Huayangosaurus taibaii 1 node_61 0 --> 1 Sauropelta edwardsi 1 node_61 0 --> 1 Silvisaurus condrayi 1 node_75 0 ==> 1 Ankylosaurus magniventris 1 node_90 0 ==> 1 Gargoyleosaurus parkpinorum 92 (Type of articulation between the atlantal neural arch and intercentrum: open (0) 0.500 1 node_63 0 --> 1 node_62 1 node_84 0 --> 1 node_83 93 (Type of contact between the atlantal neural arches: no median contact (0), medi) 0.500 1 node_91 0 --> 1 node_90 1 node_61 1 ==> 0 Polacanthus foxii 94 (Contact between atlas and axis: articulated (0), fused (1).) 0.250 1 node_61 0 --> 1 Polacanthus foxii 1 node_65 0 --> 1 Panoplosaurus mirus 1 node_66 0 --> 1 Edmontonia rugosidens 1 node_72 0 --> 1 Saichania (including T. teresae 95 (Dimensions of cervical vertebrae centra: anteroposteriorly longer than transver) 0.500 1 node_96 0 --> 1 node_95 1 node_64 1 ==> 0 Struthiosaurus austriacus 96 (Ratio of maximum neural spine width to height in anterior cervicals: <0.25 (0)) 0.500 1 node_95 0 ==> 1 node_94 1 node_61 1 ==> 0 Sauropelta edwardsi 97 (Ratio of anteroposterior dorsal centrum length to posterior centrum height: >1.) 0.250 1 node_96 0 --> 1 node_95 1 node_66 1 --> 0 Edmontonia rugosidens 1 node_66 1 --> 0 Europelta carbonensis 1 node_69 1 --> 0 Crichtonpelta benxiensis 98 (Longitudinal keel on ventral surface of dorsal centra: present (0), absent (1).) 0.250 1 node_96 0 --> 1 node_95 1 node_64 1 ==> 0 Struthiosaurus austriacus 1 node_67 1 ==> 0 Peloroplites cedrimontanus 1 node_91 1 ==> 0 Hylaeosaurus armatus 99 (Cross sectional shape of neural canal in posterior dorsals: circular (0) ellipt) 0.125 1 node_94 0 --> 1 Huayangosaurus taibaii 1 node_61 0 --> 1 Animantarx ramaljonesi 1 node_61 0 --> 1 Silvisaurus condrayi 1 node_62 0 --> 1 Hungarosaurus tormai 1 node_66 0 --> 1 Edmontonia rugosidens 1 node_88 0 --> 1 node_87 1 node_74 1 --> 0 Talarurus plicatospineus 1 node_93 0 --> 1 Mymoorapelta maysi 100 (Shape of the proximal cross-section of the dorsal ribs: triangular (0), ?L?- o) 1.000 1 node_91 0 --> 1 node_90 101 (Attachment of dorsal ribs to posterior dorsal vertebrae: articulated (0), fuse) 0.200 1 node_89 0 --> 1 node_68 1 node_61 1 ==> 0 Sauropelta edwardsi 1 node_61 1 ==> 0 Silvisaurus condrayi 1 node_87 0 --> 1 node_85 1 node_93 0 --> 1 Mymoorapelta maysi 102 (Contact between posteriormost dorsal vertebrae: articulated (0), fused to form) 1.000 1 node_93 0 ==> 1 node_92 103 (Longitudinal groove in ventral surface of the sacrum: absent (0), present (1).) 0.333 1 node_89 0 --> 1 node_68 1 node_61 1 ==> 0 Silvisaurus condrayi 1 node_88 0 --> 1 Cedarpelta bilbeyhallorum 104 (Longitudinal ridge at approximate mid-height of centrum of mid and distal caud) 0.500 1 node_65 0 --> 1 node_64 1 node_61 1 ==> 0 Polacanthus foxii 105 (Ratio of maximum distal width to height of the neural spines of proximal cauda) 0.200 1 node_94 0 ==> 1 node_93 1 node_62 1 --> 0 Hungarosaurus tormai 1 node_66 1 --> 0 Europelta carbonensis 1 node_88 1 ==> 0 Cedarpelta bilbeyhallorum 1 node_81 1 ==> 0 node_80 106 (Direction of the transverse processes of proximal caudals: craniolaterally pro) 0.500 1 node_94 0 ==> 1 Huayangosaurus taibaii 1 node_68 0 ==> 2 node_67 1 node_63 2 --> 0 node_62 1 node_61 0 ==> 1 Niobrarasaurus coleii 107 (Persistence of transverse processes down the length of the caudal series: not ) 0.333 1 node_94 0 --> 1 Huayangosaurus taibaii 1 node_61 0 ==> 1 Polacanthus foxii 1 node_91 0 --> 1 Hylaeosaurus armatus 108 (Attachment of haemal arches to their respective centra: articulated (0), fused) 0.250 1 node_67 0 ==> 1 node_66 1 node_62 1 ==> 0 node_61 1 node_85 0 ==> 1 node_84 1 node_93 0 ==> 1 Mymoorapelta maysi 109 (Extent of pre- and postzygapophyses over their adjacent centra in posterior ve) 0.500 1 node_88 0 --> 1 node_87 1 node_88 0 --> 1 Liaoningosaurus paradoxus 110 (In tail club handle vertebrae, shape of each interlocking neural arch in dorsa) 1.000 1 node_88 0 ==> 1 node_87 1 node_75 1 ==> 3 Ankylosaurus magniventris 111 (Shape of the posterior haemal arches: rounded haemal spine in lateral view wit) 0.333 1 node_94 0 ==> 1 node_93 1 node_62 1 --> 0 Hungarosaurus tormai 1 node_66 1 --> 0 Edmontonia rugosidens 112 (Ossified tendons in distal region of tail: absent (0), present (1).) 0.333 1 node_93 0 ==> 1 node_92 1 node_61 1 ==> 0 Sauropelta edwardsi 1 node_88 1 ==> 0 Liaoningosaurus paradoxus 113 (Dimensions of coracoid: longer than wide (0), wider than long or equal width a) 0.333 1 node_62 0 --> 1 node_61 1 node_65 0 --> 1 Panoplosaurus mirus 1 node_91 0 ==> 1 Hylaeosaurus armatus 114 (Form of the anterior margin of the coracoid: convex (0), straight (1).) 0.333 1 node_67 0 --> 1 Peloroplites cedrimontanus 1 node_88 0 --> 1 Cedarpelta bilbeyhallorum 1 node_85 0 --> 1 node_84 115 (Cranioventral process of coracoid: absent (0), present (1).) 0.333 1 node_62 0 ==> 1 Hungarosaurus tormai 1 node_89 0 ==> 1 node_88 1 node_70 1 --> 0 Pinacosaurus grangeri 116 (Size of coracoid glenoid relative to scapula glenoid: sub-equal (0), half the ) 0.500 1 node_61 0 --> 1 Animantarx ramaljonesi 1 node_62 0 --> 1 Hungarosaurus tormai 117 (Contact between scapula and coracoid: articulated (0), fused (1).) 0.250 1 node_94 0 ==> 1 Huayangosaurus taibaii 1 node_89 0 ==> 1 node_68 1 node_69 0 --> 1 Crichtonpelta benxiensis 1 node_84 0 --> 1 node_83 118 (Scapula glenoid orientation: ventrolateral (0), ventral (1).) 0.500 1 node_92 0 --> 1 node_91 1 node_62 1 ==> 0 Hungarosaurus tormai 119 (Ventral process of scapula at the caudoventral margin of glenoid: absent (0), ) 0.333 1 node_63 0 --> 1 node_62 1 node_67 0 ==> 1 Peloroplites cedrimontanus 1 node_87 0 --> 1 node_85 120 (Form of the scapula acromion process: not developed or ridge-like along the do) 0.667 1 node_89 0 ==> 2 node_68 1 node_87 0 --> 1 node_85 1 node_77 1 --> 0 node_76 121 (Orientation of the acromion process of scapula: directed away from the glenoid) 0.500 1 node_62 0 ==> 1 node_61 1 node_67 0 ==> 1 Peloroplites cedrimontanus 122 (Scapulocoracoid buttress: absent (0), present (1).) 0.500 1 node_85 0 ==> 1 node_69 1 node_76 0 --> 1 node_75 123 (Distal end of scapula shaft: narrow (0), expanded (1).) 0.333 1 node_89 0 ==> 1 node_68 1 node_64 1 ==> 0 Struthiosaurus austriacus 1 node_88 0 ==> 1 Chuanqilong chaoyangensis 124 (Contact between sternal plates: separate (0), fused (1).) 1.000 1 node_84 0 --> 1 node_83 125 (Length of the preacetabular process of ilium as a percentage of total ilium le) 0.500 1 node_95 0 ==> 1 node_94 1 node_92 1 ==> 0 Kunbarrasaurus ieversi 126 (Angle of lateral deflection of the preacetabular process of the ilium: 10?20 () 0.500 1 node_92 0 ==> 1 node_91 1 node_61 1 ==> 0 Polacanthus foxii 127 (Orientation of the preacetabular portion of the ilium: near vertical (0), near) 1.000 1 node_96 0 --> 1 node_95 128 (Form of the preacetabular portion of the ilium: straight process (0), pronounc) 0.250 1 node_61 0 ==> 1 Animantarx ramaljonesi 1 node_66 0 ==> 1 Edmontonia longiceps 1 node_91 0 ==> 1 Hylaeosaurus armatus 1 node_93 0 ==> 1 Mymoorapelta maysi 129 (Lateral edge of ilium in dorsal view: straight (0), sinuous (1).) 0.500 1 node_61 0 ==> 1 Sauropelta edwardsi 1 node_66 0 ==> 1 Edmontonia longiceps 130 (Lateral exposure of the acetabulum: exposed (0) acetabulum partially obscured ) 0.500 1 node_84 0 --> 1 node_83 1 node_93 0 ==> 1 Mymoorapelta maysi 131 (Perforation of the acetabulum: present, open acetabulum (0), absent, closed ac) 1.000 1 node_90 0 --> 1 node_89 132 (Postacetabular ilium length, relative to diameter of acetabulum: greater (0), ) 0.250 1 node_61 0 ==> 1 Animantarx ramaljonesi 1 node_67 0 ==> 1 Peloroplites cedrimontanus 1 node_89 0 ==> 1 node_88 1 node_76 1 ==> 0 Scolosaurus cutleri 133 (Pubis: present (0), indistinct from ilium (1)) 0.333 1 node_68 0 ==> 1 node_67 1 node_66 1 ==> 0 Europelta carbonensis 1 node_87 0 --> 1 node_85 134 (Shape of ischium: straight (0), ventrally flexed at mid-length (1).) 0.200 1 node_62 0 --> 1 node_61 1 node_66 0 --> 1 Edmontonia rugosidens 1 node_66 0 --> 1 Edmontonia longiceps 1 node_68 0 --> 1 Gastonia burgei 1 node_93 0 ==> 1 Mymoorapelta maysi 135 (Shape of the dorsal margin of ischium: straight or concave (0), convex (1).) 0.333 1 node_66 0 ==> 1 Europelta carbonensis 1 node_89 0 ==> 1 node_88 1 node_88 1 ==> 0 Chuanqilong chaoyangensis 136 (Separation of humeral head and deltopectoral crest in anterior view: continuou) 0.167 1 node_95 0 ==> 1 Scelidosaurus harrisonii 1 node_89 0 ==> 1 node_68 1 node_61 1 ==> 0 Niobrarasaurus coleii 1 node_88 0 ==> 1 Cedarpelta bilbeyhallorum 1 node_72 0 --> 1 Saichania (including T. teresae 1 node_75 0 ==> 1 Ankylosaurus magniventris 137 (Separation of humeral head and medial tubercle in anterior view: continuous (0) 0.200 1 node_95 0 --> 1 Scelidosaurus harrisonii 1 node_94 0 --> 1 Huayangosaurus taibaii 1 node_67 0 --> 1 node_66 1 node_61 1 --> 0 Niobrarasaurus coleii 1 node_61 1 --> 0 Sauropelta edwardsi 138 (Ratio of deltopectoral crest length to humeral length: ?0.5 (0), >0.5 (1).) 0.250 1 node_66 0 ==> 1 Edmontonia longiceps 1 node_88 0 ==> 1 Cedarpelta bilbeyhallorum 1 node_88 0 ==> 1 Chuanqilong chaoyangensis 1 node_84 0 --> 1 node_83 139 (Orientation of deltopectoral crest projection: lateral (0), anterolateral (1).) 0.250 1 node_67 0 --> 1 node_66 1 node_62 1 ==> 0 Hungarosaurus tormai 1 node_69 0 ==> 1 Jinyunpelta sinensis 1 node_93 0 ==> 1 Mymoorapelta maysi 140 (Shape of the radial condyle of humerus round / proximal end of radius in end-o) 1.000 1 node_62 0 ==> 1 node_61 141 (Ratio of the length of metacarpal V to metacarpal III: ?0.5 (0), >0.5 (1).) 1.000 1 node_90 0 --> 1 node_89 143 (Shape of manual and pedal ungual phalanges: narrow, claw-shaped (0) wide, hoof) 0.333 1 node_94 0 --> 1 node_93 1 node_61 1 --> 2 Niobrarasaurus coleii 1 node_61 1 --> 2 Sauropelta edwardsi 1 node_88 1 --> 2 Chuanqilong chaoyangensis 1 node_81 1 ==> 2 Dyoplosaurus acutosquameus 1 node_88 1 --> 2 Liaoningosaurus paradoxus 144 (Angle between long axis of femoral head and long axis of shaft: <100 (0), 100 ) 0.333 1 node_96 0 --> 1 Lesothosaurus diagnosticus 1 node_95 0 --> 2 node_94 1 node_61 2 --> 1 Niobrarasaurus coleii 1 node_61 2 --> 1 Sauropelta edwardsi 1 node_67 2 ==> 1 Peloroplites cedrimontanus 1 node_88 2 ==> 1 Cedarpelta bilbeyhallorum 145 (Separation of femoral head from greater trochanter: continuous (0), separated ) 0.333 1 node_67 0 ==> 1 node_66 1 node_88 0 ==> 1 Chuanqilong chaoyangensis 1 node_90 0 ==> 1 Gargoyleosaurus parkpinorum 146 (Differentiation of the anterior trochanter of the femur: separated from femora) 0.500 1 node_95 0 ==> 1 node_94 1 node_88 1 ==> 0 Liaoningosaurus paradoxus 147 (Oblique ridge on lateral femoral shaft, distal to anterior trochanter: absent ) 0.500 1 node_61 0 ==> 1 Animantarx ramaljonesi 1 node_67 0 ==> 1 Peloroplites cedrimontanus 148 (Form of the fourth trochanter: pendant (0), ridge-like (1).) 0.500 1 node_94 0 --> 1 Huayangosaurus taibaii 1 node_90 0 --> 1 node_89 149 (Location of the fourth trochanter on the femoral shaft: proximal (0) distal, o) 0.500 1 node_89 0 --> 1 node_88 1 node_90 0 --> 1 Gargoyleosaurus parkpinorum 150 (Maximum distal width of the tibia, compared to the maximum proximal width: nar) 0.333 1 node_67 0 --> 1 node_66 1 node_61 1 ==> 0 Sauropelta edwardsi 1 node_89 0 --> 1 node_88 151 (Contact between tibia and astragalus: articulated (0), fused, with suture obli) 0.500 1 node_67 0 ==> 1 node_66 1 node_84 0 --> 1 node_83 152 (Number of pedal digits: 5 (0), 4 (1), 3 (2).) 0.667 1 node_94 1 --> 2 Huayangosaurus taibaii 1 node_89 1 --> 2 node_88 1 node_88 2 ==> 0 Liaoningosaurus paradoxus 153 (Phalangeal number in pedal digit IV: 5 (0), ?4 (1)) 0.500 1 node_95 0 ==> 1 node_94 1 node_88 1 ==> 0 Liaoningosaurus paradoxus 154 (Postcranial / osteoderm distribution: no postcranial osteoderms (0); postcran) 1.000 1 node_96 0 --> 1 node_95 1 node_94 1 ==> 2 Huayangosaurus taibaii 155 (Dimensions of largest osteoderm: no osteoderms (0) smaller than a dorsal centr) 0.400 1 node_95 0 --> 1 Scelidosaurus harrisonii 1 node_95 0 --> 2 node_94 1 node_61 2 ==> 1 Niobrarasaurus coleii 1 node_66 2 ==> 1 Edmontonia longiceps 1 node_91 2 ==> 1 Hylaeosaurus armatus 156 (Basal surface of osteoderms: no osteoderms (0) flat or gently concave (1), dee) 0.286 1 node_96 0 --> 1 node_95 1 node_64 1 ==> 2 node_63 1 node_66 1 ==> 2 Europelta carbonensis 1 node_68 1 --> 2 Gastonia burgei 1 node_84 1 --> 2 node_83 1 node_90 1 --> 2 Gargoyleosaurus parkpinorum 1 node_93 1 ==> 2 Mymoorapelta maysi 157 (External cortical histology of skeletally mature osteoderms: no osteoderms (0)) 0.667 1 node_95 0 --> 1 Scelidosaurus harrisonii 1 node_91 0 --> 2 node_90 1 node_61 2 --> 1 Polacanthus foxii 158 (Haversian bone in osteoderms: no osteoderms (0) absent in core of skeletally m) 0.500 1 node_96 0 --> 1 node_95 1 node_61 1 --> 0 Polacanthus foxii 1 node_74 1 --> 2 Nodocephalosaurus kirtlandensis 1 node_90 1 ==> 2 Gargoyleosaurus parkpinorum 159 (Basal cortex of skeletally mature osteoderms: no osteoderms (0) present (1), a) 0.500 1 node_96 0 --> 1 node_95 1 node_61 1 --> 0 Polacanthus foxii 160 (Structural fiber arrangement in osteoderms: no osteoderms (0) structural fibre) 1.000 1 node_95 0 --> 1 Scelidosaurus harrisonii 1 node_92 0 --> 2 node_91 161 (Gular osteoderms: absent (0), present (1).) 0.250 1 node_93 0 --> 1 node_92 1 node_88 1 ==> 0 Chuanqilong chaoyangensis 1 node_84 1 ==> 0 node_83 1 node_78 0 ==> 1 Zuul cruravastator 162 (Number of distinct cervical pectoral bands: none (0), one (1), two (2).) 0.750 1 node_91 0 --> 2 node_90 1 node_65 2 --> 3 node_64 1 node_66 2 --> 3 Edmontonia rugosidens 1 node_92 0 --> 1 Kunbarrasaurus ieversi 163 (Form of cervical half rings: cervical half rings absent (0), composed of osteo) 0.500 1 node_93 0 --> 1 node_92 1 node_61 1 ==> 2 Sauropelta edwardsi 1 node_68 1 --> 2 Gastonia burgei 1 node_88 1 --> 2 node_87 164 (Composition of first cervical half ring with band: no cervical half ring with ) 0.667 1 node_88 0 --> 1 node_87 1 node_83 1 ==> 2 node_82 1 node_77 2 ==> 1 node_76 165 (Distal spines on cervical half ring: absent (0), present, projecting dorsopost) 1.000 1 node_65 0 ==> 1 node_64 1 node_66 0 ==> 2 Edmontonia rugosidens 166 (Osteoderms on proximal limb segments: absent (0), present (1).) 0.250 1 node_95 0 ==> 1 Scelidosaurus harrisonii 1 node_70 0 ==> 1 Pinacosaurus grangeri 1 node_76 0 ==> 1 Scolosaurus cutleri 1 node_92 0 ==> 1 Kunbarrasaurus ieversi 167 (Millimeter-sized ossicles abundant in spaces between osteoderms in thoracic or) 0.200 1 node_68 0 --> 1 Gastonia burgei 1 node_69 0 --> 1 Jinyunpelta sinensis 1 node_82 0 --> 1 node_81 1 node_84 0 --> 1 Datai yinliangis 1 node_92 0 --> 1 Kunbarrasaurus ieversi 168 (Deeply excavated, dorsoventrally flattened triangular osteoderms: absent (0), ) 0.400 1 node_94 0 ==> 1 node_93 1 node_61 1 ==> 2 Polacanthus foxii 1 node_64 1 ==> 0 Struthiosaurus austriacus 1 node_68 1 ==> 2 Gastonia burgei 1 node_84 1 ==> 0 Datai yinliangis 169 (On deeply excavated triangular osteoderms, furrows perpendicular to basal edge) 0.400 1 node_61 0 ==> 1 Sauropelta edwardsi 1 node_62 0 ==> 1 Hungarosaurus tormai 1 node_66 0 ==> 1 Europelta carbonensis 1 node_82 0 --> 1 node_81 1 node_93 0 ==> 2 Mymoorapelta maysi 170 (Lateralmost osteoderms in thoracic region: absent (0), ovoid or sub-ovoid with) 0.500 1 node_95 0 ==> 1 Scelidosaurus harrisonii 1 node_94 0 ==> 2 node_93 1 node_61 2 ==> 3 Sauropelta edwardsi 1 node_70 2 --> 1 Pinacosaurus mephistocephalus 1 node_83 2 --> 1 node_82 1 node_78 1 ==> 2 Zuul cruravastator 172 (Form of pelvic osteoderms: no osteoderms (0) unfused (1), coossified osteoderm) 0.429 1 node_96 0 --> 1 node_95 1 node_61 1 ==> 2 Polacanthus foxii 1 node_62 1 ==> 0 Hungarosaurus tormai 1 node_66 1 ==> 3 Europelta carbonensis 1 node_68 1 ==> 2 Gastonia burgei 1 node_90 1 ==> 2 Gargoyleosaurus parkpinorum 1 node_93 1 ==> 2 Mymoorapelta maysi 173 (Caudal osteoderms: absent (0), present on dorsal or dorsolateral surfaces of t) 0.667 1 node_95 0 --> 2 Scelidosaurus harrisonii 1 node_95 0 --> 1 node_94 1 node_92 1 --> 2 Kunbarrasaurus ieversi 174 (Morphology of proximal, lateral caudal osteoderms: osteoderms absent (0), tria) 0.500 1 node_95 0 ==> 1 Scelidosaurus harrisonii 1 node_94 0 ==> 2 node_93 1 node_61 2 --> 1 Sauropelta edwardsi 1 node_92 2 ==> 1 Kunbarrasaurus ieversi 175 (Keel height of caudal osteoderms relative to thoracic osteoderms: osteoderms a) 0.667 1 node_96 0 --> 2 node_95 1 node_94 2 ==> 1 Huayangosaurus taibaii 1 node_89 2 ==> 1 node_68 176 (Tail club knob shape: knob absent (0), major knob osteoderms semicircular in d) 1.000 1 node_87 0 ==> 1 node_85 1 node_77 1 ==> 2 Anodontosaurus lambei 177 (Tail club knob proportions: knob absent (0), tail club knob length > width (1)) 0.750 1 node_87 0 ==> 1 node_85 1 node_70 1 --> 2 Pinacosaurus grangeri 1 node_77 1 --> 2 node_76 1 node_77 1 --> 3 Anodontosaurus lambei Apomorphy lists: Branch Character Steps CI Change ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- node_96 --> Lesothosaurus diagnosticus 144 (Angle between long axis of femoral head and long axis of shaft: <100 (0),) 1 0.333 0 --> 1 node_96 --> node_95 29 (Maxillary tooth row position: lateral margin of skull (0), inset (1).) 1 1.000 0 --> 1 43 (Proportions of jugal orbital ramus: depth greater than transverse breadth ) 1 1.000 0 --> 1 59 (Form of quadrate mandibular extremity: symmetrical (0), medial condyle lar) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 71 (Size of occiput: higher than wide (0), wider than high (1).) 1 1.000 0 --> 1 74 (Length of basisphenoid relative to the basioccipital: longer (0), shorter ) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 81 (Shape of dorsal margin of the dentary in lateral view: straight (0), sinuo) 1 1.000 0 --> 1 88 (Cingula on maxillary and/or dentary teeth: absent (0), present (1).) 1 0.200 0 --> 1 95 (Dimensions of cervical vertebrae centra: anteroposteriorly longer than tra) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 97 (Ratio of anteroposterior dorsal centrum length to posterior centrum height) 1 0.250 0 --> 1 98 (Longitudinal keel on ventral surface of dorsal centra: present (0), absent) 1 0.250 0 --> 1 127 (Orientation of the preacetabular portion of the ilium: near vertical (0),) 1 1.000 0 --> 1 154 (Postcranial / osteoderm distribution: no postcranial osteoderms (0); pos) 1 1.000 0 --> 1 156 (Basal surface of osteoderms: no osteoderms (0) flat or gently concave (1)) 1 0.286 0 --> 1 158 (Haversian bone in osteoderms: no osteoderms (0) absent in core of skeleta) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 159 (Basal cortex of skeletally mature osteoderms: no osteoderms (0) present () 1 0.500 0 --> 1 172 (Form of pelvic osteoderms: no osteoderms (0) unfused (1), coossified oste) 1 0.429 0 --> 1 175 (Keel height of caudal osteoderms relative to thoracic osteoderms: osteode) 1 0.667 0 --> 2 node_95 --> Scelidosaurus harrisonii 44 (Depth of jugal ramus relative to orbit height: jugal height is less than 1) 1 0.200 0 --> 1 79 (Mandibular fenestra: present (0), absent (1).) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 136 (Separation of humeral head and deltopectoral crest in anterior view: cont) 1 0.167 0 ==> 1 137 (Separation of humeral head and medial tubercle in anterior view: continuo) 1 0.200 0 --> 1 155 (Dimensions of largest osteoderm: no osteoderms (0) smaller than a dorsal ) 1 0.400 0 --> 1 157 (External cortical histology of skeletally mature osteoderms: no osteoderm) 1 0.667 0 --> 1 160 (Structural fiber arrangement in osteoderms: no osteoderms (0) structural ) 1 1.000 0 --> 1 166 (Osteoderms on proximal limb segments: absent (0), present (1).) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 170 (Lateralmost osteoderms in thoracic region: absent (0), ovoid or sub-ovoid) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 173 (Caudal osteoderms: absent (0), present on dorsal or dorsolateral surfaces) 1 0.667 0 --> 2 174 (Morphology of proximal, lateral caudal osteoderms: osteoderms absent (0),) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 node_95 --> node_94 60 (Inclination of the articular surface of the quadrate condyle in posterior ) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 61 (Lateral ramus of the quadrate: present (0), absent (1).) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 80 (Depth of the dentary symphysial ramus relative to half the maximum depth o) 1 0.333 0 --> 1 96 (Ratio of maximum neural spine width to height in anterior cervicals: <0.2) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 125 (Length of the preacetabular process of ilium as a percentage of total ili) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 144 (Angle between long axis of femoral head and long axis of shaft: <100 (0),) 1 0.333 0 --> 2 146 (Differentiation of the anterior trochanter of the femur: separated from f) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 153 (Phalangeal number in pedal digit IV: 5 (0), ?4 (1)) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 155 (Dimensions of largest osteoderm: no osteoderms (0) smaller than a dorsal ) 1 0.400 0 --> 2 173 (Caudal osteoderms: absent (0), present on dorsal or dorsolateral surfaces) 1 0.667 0 --> 1 node_94 --> Huayangosaurus taibaii 91 (Number of dentary teeth: <25 (0), ?25 (1).) 1 0.200 0 ==> 1 99 (Cross sectional shape of neural canal in posterior dorsals: circular (0) e) 1 0.125 0 --> 1 106 (Direction of the transverse processes of proximal caudals: craniolaterall) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 107 (Persistence of transverse processes down the length of the caudal series:) 1 0.333 0 --> 1 117 (Contact between scapula and coracoid: articulated (0), fused (1).) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 137 (Separation of humeral head and medial tubercle in anterior view: continuo) 1 0.200 0 --> 1 148 (Form of the fourth trochanter: pendant (0), ridge-like (1).) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 152 (Number of pedal digits: 5 (0), 4 (1), 3 (2).) 1 0.667 1 --> 2 154 (Postcranial / osteoderm distribution: no postcranial osteoderms (0); pos) 1 1.000 1 ==> 2 175 (Keel height of caudal osteoderms relative to thoracic osteoderms: osteode) 1 0.667 2 ==> 1 node_94 --> node_93 105 (Ratio of maximum distal width to height of the neural spines of proximal ) 1 0.200 0 ==> 1 111 (Shape of the posterior haemal arches: rounded haemal spine in lateral vie) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 143 (Shape of manual and pedal ungual phalanges: narrow, claw-shaped (0) wide,) 1 0.333 0 --> 1 168 (Deeply excavated, dorsoventrally flattened triangular osteoderms: absent ) 1 0.400 0 ==> 1 170 (Lateralmost osteoderms in thoracic region: absent (0), ovoid or sub-ovoid) 1 0.500 0 ==> 2 174 (Morphology of proximal, lateral caudal osteoderms: osteoderms absent (0),) 1 0.500 0 ==> 2 node_93 --> node_92 1 (Antorbital fenestra: present (0) absent (1).) 1 1.000 0 --> 1 3 (Supratemporal fenestra: open (0), closed (1).) 1 1.000 0 --> 1 20 (Frontonasal and/or frontoparietal cranial ornamentation: absent (0) rugose) 1 0.400 0 --> 2 31 (Caudoventral secondary palate: absent (0), present (1)) 1 0.250 0 --> 1 33 (Gap between palate and braincase: open (0), closed by a dorsal projection ) 1 1.000 0 --> 1 38 (Form of supraorbitals (including ornamentation): absent (0), boss-like, ro) 1 0.500 0 --> 2 39 (Supraorbitals, when viewed dorsally: no supraorbitals (0), combine to form) 1 0.400 0 --> 1 57 (Form of the anterior surface of the quadrate: transversely concave (0), no) 1 0.333 0 --> 1 62 (Dorsoventral depth of the pterygoid process of the quadrate: deep (0), sha) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 67 (Position of ventral margin of the pterygovomerine keel relative to alveola) 1 1.000 0 --> 1 76 (Size of basipterygoid processes: twice as long as wide or over (0), less t) 1 0.333 0 --> 1 79 (Mandibular fenestra: present (0), absent (1).) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 102 (Contact between posteriormost dorsal vertebrae: articulated (0), fused to) 1 1.000 0 ==> 1 112 (Ossified tendons in distal region of tail: absent (0), present (1).) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 161 (Gular osteoderms: absent (0), present (1).) 1 0.250 0 --> 1 163 (Form of cervical half rings: cervical half rings absent (0), composed of ) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 node_92 --> node_91 46 (Squamosal/postorbital horn: no horn (0) base has broad triangular cross-se) 1 0.222 0 --> 1 118 (Scapula glenoid orientation: ventrolateral (0), ventral (1).) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 126 (Angle of lateral deflection of the preacetabular process of the ilium: 10) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 160 (Structural fiber arrangement in osteoderms: no osteoderms (0) structural ) 1 1.000 0 --> 2 node_91 --> node_90 11 (Shape of the premaxillary palate: sub-triangular (0), sub-quadrate (1), su) 1 0.667 0 --> 1 12 (V or U-shaped median indentation of the anterior margin of the premaxilla:) 1 0.250 0 --> 1 44 (Depth of jugal ramus relative to orbit height: jugal height is less than 1) 1 0.200 0 --> 1 47 (Shape of jugal/quadratojugal horn in dorsal view: quadratojugal horn absen) 1 0.667 0 --> 2 48 (Jugal/quadratojugal horn: no horn (0) lacks distinct neck at base (1), has) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 49 (Jugal or quadratojugal horn size relative to orbit size: no horn (0), leng) 1 0.667 0 --> 1 55 (Shape of quadrate in lateral aspect: curved (anteriorly convex, posteriorl) 1 0.333 0 --> 1 78 (Position of mandible articulation relative to mandibular adductor fossa: p) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 93 (Type of contact between the atlantal neural arches: no median contact (0),) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 100 (Shape of the proximal cross-section of the dorsal ribs: triangular (0), ?) 1 1.000 0 --> 1 157 (External cortical histology of skeletally mature osteoderms: no osteoderm) 1 0.667 0 --> 2 162 (Number of distinct cervical pectoral bands: none (0), one (1), two (2).) 1 0.750 0 --> 2 node_90 --> node_89 14 (Bone bordering anterior margin of internal nares: premaxilla (0), maxilla ) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 38 (Form of supraorbitals (including ornamentation): absent (0), boss-like, ro) 1 0.500 2 ==> 1 42 (Development of the postocular shelf: not developed (0), completely separat) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 68 (Dorsal extent of median vomer lamina: does not meet skull roof (0), meets ) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 72 (Direction of paroccipital process extension: caudolateral (0), lateral (1)) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 85 (Size of predentary ventral process: distinct, prong shaped process (0), ru) 1 1.000 0 --> 1 131 (Perforation of the acetabulum: present, open acetabulum (0), absent, clos) 1 1.000 0 --> 1 141 (Ratio of the length of metacarpal V to metacarpal III: ?0.5 (0), >0.5 (1)) 1 1.000 0 --> 1 148 (Form of the fourth trochanter: pendant (0), ridge-like (1).) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 node_89 --> node_68 10 (Dimensions of premaxillary palate: longer than wide (0), wider than long () 1 0.200 0 --> 1 30 (Distance between posteriormost extent of maxillary tooth rows relative to ) 1 0.200 0 ==> 1 70 (Position of posterior margin of pterygoid body relative to the anterior ma) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 87 (Premaxillary teeth: present (0) absent (1).) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 101 (Attachment of dorsal ribs to posterior dorsal vertebrae: articulated (0),) 1 0.200 0 --> 1 103 (Longitudinal groove in ventral surface of the sacrum: absent (0), present) 1 0.333 0 --> 1 117 (Contact between scapula and coracoid: articulated (0), fused (1).) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 120 (Form of the scapula acromion process: not developed or ridge-like along t) 1 0.667 0 ==> 2 123 (Distal end of scapula shaft: narrow (0), expanded (1).) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 136 (Separation of humeral head and deltopectoral crest in anterior view: cont) 1 0.167 0 ==> 1 175 (Keel height of caudal osteoderms relative to thoracic osteoderms: osteode) 1 0.667 2 ==> 1 node_68 --> node_67 5 (Width of the posterior margin of the skull (including squamosal horns where) 1 1.000 0 ==> 1 22 (Majority of frontonasal and/or frontoparietal caputegulum relief: caputegu) 1 0.286 0 ==> 1 46 (Squamosal/postorbital horn: no horn (0) base has broad triangular cross-se) 1 0.222 1 ==> 0 47 (Shape of jugal/quadratojugal horn in dorsal view: quadratojugal horn absen) 1 0.667 2 ==> 1 106 (Direction of the transverse processes of proximal caudals: craniolaterall) 1 0.500 0 ==> 2 133 (Pubis: present (0), indistinct from ilium (1)) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 node_67 --> node_66 11 (Shape of the premaxillary palate: sub-triangular (0), sub-quadrate (1), su) 1 0.667 1 ==> 2 12 (V or U-shaped median indentation of the anterior margin of the premaxilla:) 1 0.250 1 ==> 0 21 (Number of caputegulae in frontonasal and prefrontal region: no caputegulae) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 24 (Supranarial caputegulae, notch or embayment dorsal to nasal vestibule: no ) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 27 (Loreal caputegulum in lateral view: no caputegulum (0) 1 caputegulum (1), ) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 28 (Shape of the maxillary tooth row: straight (0), medially convex (1).) 1 0.167 0 --> 1 35 (Lacrimal caputegulum in lateral view: no caputegulum (0) 1 caputegulum (1)) 1 0.667 0 --> 1 52 (A single large medial polygon of ornamentation in the parietal region: abs) 1 1.000 0 ==> 1 64 (Contact between pterygoids: pterygoids separate caudomedially, forming an ) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 65 (Direction of the pterygoid flange: anterolateral (0), anterior/parasagitta) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 73 (Bones forming the occipital condyle: basioccipital and exoccipital (0), ba) 1 0.200 0 --> 1 89 (Maxillary and/or dentary tooth crown shape: pointed (0), rounded (1).) 1 0.200 0 ==> 1 90 (Maxillary and/or dentary tooth denticles: >13 denticles (0), <13 denticles) 1 0.200 0 ==> 1 108 (Attachment of haemal arches to their respective centra: articulated (0), ) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 137 (Separation of humeral head and medial tubercle in anterior view: continuo) 1 0.200 0 --> 1 139 (Orientation of deltopectoral crest projection: lateral (0), anterolateral) 1 0.250 0 --> 1 145 (Separation of femoral head from greater trochanter: continuous (0), separ) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 150 (Maximum distal width of the tibia, compared to the maximum proximal width) 1 0.333 0 --> 1 151 (Contact between tibia and astragalus: articulated (0), fused, with suture) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 node_66 --> node_65 25 (Number of internarial caputegulae: none (0), 1 (1), more than 1 (2).) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 63 (Contact between paroccipital process and quadrate: sutural (0), fused (1).) 1 0.167 0 --> 1 66 (Contact between basipterygoid processes and pterygoid: sutural (0), fused ) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 83 (Position of glenoid for quadrate relative to mandibular axis: medially off) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 node_65 --> node_64 55 (Shape of quadrate in lateral aspect: curved (anteriorly convex, posteriorl) 1 0.333 1 --> 0 104 (Longitudinal ridge at approximate mid-height of centrum of mid and distal) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 162 (Number of distinct cervical pectoral bands: none (0), one (1), two (2).) 1 0.750 2 --> 3 165 (Distal spines on cervical half ring: absent (0), present, projecting dors) 1 1.000 0 ==> 1 node_64 --> node_63 56 (Inclination of quadrate in lateral aspect: near vertical (0), almost 45 an) 1 0.250 0 --> 1 72 (Direction of paroccipital process extension: caudolateral (0), lateral (1)) 1 0.333 1 ==> 0 87 (Premaxillary teeth: present (0) absent (1).) 1 0.333 1 --> 0 156 (Basal surface of osteoderms: no osteoderms (0) flat or gently concave (1)) 1 0.286 1 ==> 2 node_63 --> node_62 10 (Dimensions of premaxillary palate: longer than wide (0), wider than long () 1 0.200 1 --> 0 14 (Bone bordering anterior margin of internal nares: premaxilla (0), maxilla ) 1 0.333 1 --> 0 31 (Caudoventral secondary palate: absent (0), present (1)) 1 0.250 1 ==> 0 92 (Type of articulation between the atlantal neural arch and intercentrum: op) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 106 (Direction of the transverse processes of proximal caudals: craniolaterall) 1 0.500 2 --> 0 119 (Ventral process of scapula at the caudoventral margin of glenoid: absent ) 1 0.333 0 --> 1 node_62 --> node_61 30 (Distance between posteriormost extent of maxillary tooth rows relative to ) 1 0.200 1 --> 0 108 (Attachment of haemal arches to their respective centra: articulated (0), ) 1 0.250 1 ==> 0 113 (Dimensions of coracoid: longer than wide (0), wider than long or equal wi) 1 0.333 0 --> 1 121 (Orientation of the acromion process of scapula: directed away from the gl) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 134 (Shape of ischium: straight (0), ventrally flexed at mid-length (1).) 1 0.200 0 --> 1 140 (Shape of the radial condyle of humerus round / proximal end of radius in ) 1 1.000 0 ==> 1 node_61 --> Animantarx ramaljonesi 99 (Cross sectional shape of neural canal in posterior dorsals: circular (0) e) 1 0.125 0 --> 1 116 (Size of coracoid glenoid relative to scapula glenoid: sub-equal (0), half) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 128 (Form of the preacetabular portion of the ilium: straight process (0), pro) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 132 (Postacetabular ilium length, relative to diameter of acetabulum: greater ) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 147 (Oblique ridge on lateral femoral shaft, distal to anterior trochanter: ab) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 node_61 --> Niobrarasaurus coleii 20 (Frontonasal and/or frontoparietal cranial ornamentation: absent (0) rugose) 1 0.400 2 ==> 1 21 (Number of caputegulae in frontonasal and prefrontal region: no caputegulae) 1 0.500 1 ==> 0 22 (Majority of frontonasal and/or frontoparietal caputegulum relief: caputegu) 1 0.286 1 ==> 0 106 (Direction of the transverse processes of proximal caudals: craniolaterall) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 136 (Separation of humeral head and deltopectoral crest in anterior view: cont) 1 0.167 1 ==> 0 137 (Separation of humeral head and medial tubercle in anterior view: continuo) 1 0.200 1 --> 0 143 (Shape of manual and pedal ungual phalanges: narrow, claw-shaped (0) wide,) 1 0.333 1 --> 2 144 (Angle between long axis of femoral head and long axis of shaft: <100 (0),) 1 0.333 2 --> 1 155 (Dimensions of largest osteoderm: no osteoderms (0) smaller than a dorsal ) 1 0.400 2 ==> 1 node_61 --> Pawpawsaurus campbelli 16 (External nares, visible in dorsal view: visible (0), hidden (1).) 1 0.200 0 ==> 1 21 (Number of caputegulae in frontonasal and prefrontal region: no caputegulae) 1 0.500 1 ==> 2 22 (Majority of frontonasal and/or frontoparietal caputegulum relief: caputegu) 1 0.286 1 ==> 2 23 (Domed frontonasal caputegulae: domed caputegulae absent (0), rounded cones) 1 0.667 0 ==> 1 27 (Loreal caputegulum in lateral view: no caputegulum (0) 1 caputegulum (1), ) 1 0.500 1 --> 2 36 (Prefrontal caputegulum: no caputegulum (0) flat (1), sharply pointed and p) 1 0.333 0 --> 1 41 (Ciliary osteoderm (eyelid ossification): absent (0) present (1)) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 46 (Squamosal/postorbital horn: no horn (0) base has broad triangular cross-se) 1 0.222 0 --> 1 55 (Shape of quadrate in lateral aspect: curved (anteriorly convex, posteriorl) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 57 (Form of the anterior surface of the quadrate: transversely concave (0), no) 1 0.333 1 ==> 0 68 (Dorsal extent of median vomer lamina: does not meet skull roof (0), meets ) 1 0.333 1 ==> 0 69 (Pterygoid foramen: absent (0), present (1).) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 node_61 --> Polacanthus foxii 47 (Shape of jugal/quadratojugal horn in dorsal view: quadratojugal horn absen) 1 0.667 1 ==> 2 93 (Type of contact between the atlantal neural arches: no median contact (0),) 1 0.500 1 ==> 0 94 (Contact between atlas and axis: articulated (0), fused (1).) 1 0.250 0 --> 1 104 (Longitudinal ridge at approximate mid-height of centrum of mid and distal) 1 0.500 1 ==> 0 107 (Persistence of transverse processes down the length of the caudal series:) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 126 (Angle of lateral deflection of the preacetabular process of the ilium: 10) 1 0.500 1 ==> 0 157 (External cortical histology of skeletally mature osteoderms: no osteoderm) 1 0.667 2 --> 1 158 (Haversian bone in osteoderms: no osteoderms (0) absent in core of skeleta) 1 0.500 1 --> 0 159 (Basal cortex of skeletally mature osteoderms: no osteoderms (0) present () 1 0.500 1 --> 0 168 (Deeply excavated, dorsoventrally flattened triangular osteoderms: absent ) 1 0.400 1 ==> 2 172 (Form of pelvic osteoderms: no osteoderms (0) unfused (1), coossified oste) 1 0.429 1 ==> 2 node_61 --> Sauropelta edwardsi 46 (Squamosal/postorbital horn: no horn (0) base has broad triangular cross-se) 1 0.222 0 --> 1 51 (Form of the parietal surface: parietals flat to slightly convex (0), parie) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 73 (Bones forming the occipital condyle: basioccipital and exoccipital (0), ba) 1 0.200 1 ==> 0 86 (Length of mandibular caputegulum with respect to the length of the mandibl) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 90 (Maxillary and/or dentary tooth denticles: >13 denticles (0), <13 denticles) 1 0.200 1 ==> 0 91 (Number of dentary teeth: <25 (0), ?25 (1).) 1 0.200 0 --> 1 96 (Ratio of maximum neural spine width to height in anterior cervicals: <0.2) 1 0.500 1 ==> 0 101 (Attachment of dorsal ribs to posterior dorsal vertebrae: articulated (0),) 1 0.200 1 ==> 0 112 (Ossified tendons in distal region of tail: absent (0), present (1).) 1 0.333 1 ==> 0 129 (Lateral edge of ilium in dorsal view: straight (0), sinuous (1).) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 137 (Separation of humeral head and medial tubercle in anterior view: continuo) 1 0.200 1 --> 0 143 (Shape of manual and pedal ungual phalanges: narrow, claw-shaped (0) wide,) 1 0.333 1 --> 2 144 (Angle between long axis of femoral head and long axis of shaft: <100 (0),) 1 0.333 2 --> 1 150 (Maximum distal width of the tibia, compared to the maximum proximal width) 1 0.333 1 ==> 0 163 (Form of cervical half rings: cervical half rings absent (0), composed of ) 1 0.500 1 ==> 2 169 (On deeply excavated triangular osteoderms, furrows perpendicular to basal) 1 0.400 0 ==> 1 170 (Lateralmost osteoderms in thoracic region: absent (0), ovoid or sub-ovoid) 1 0.500 2 ==> 3 174 (Morphology of proximal, lateral caudal osteoderms: osteoderms absent (0),) 1 0.500 2 --> 1 node_61 --> Silvisaurus condrayi 28 (Shape of the maxillary tooth row: straight (0), medially convex (1).) 1 0.167 1 --> 0 91 (Number of dentary teeth: <25 (0), ?25 (1).) 1 0.200 0 --> 1 99 (Cross sectional shape of neural canal in posterior dorsals: circular (0) e) 1 0.125 0 --> 1 101 (Attachment of dorsal ribs to posterior dorsal vertebrae: articulated (0),) 1 0.200 1 ==> 0 103 (Longitudinal groove in ventral surface of the sacrum: absent (0), present) 1 0.333 1 ==> 0 node_62 --> Hungarosaurus tormai 8 (Ornamentation on premaxillary beak: absent (0), present (1)) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 12 (V or U-shaped median indentation of the anterior margin of the premaxilla:) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 44 (Depth of jugal ramus relative to orbit height: jugal height is less than 1) 1 0.200 1 ==> 0 60 (Inclination of the articular surface of the quadrate condyle in posterior ) 1 0.333 1 ==> 0 64 (Contact between pterygoids: pterygoids separate caudomedially, forming an ) 1 0.500 1 ==> 0 80 (Depth of the dentary symphysial ramus relative to half the maximum depth o) 1 0.333 1 ==> 0 89 (Maxillary and/or dentary tooth crown shape: pointed (0), rounded (1).) 1 0.200 1 ==> 0 90 (Maxillary and/or dentary tooth denticles: >13 denticles (0), <13 denticles) 1 0.200 1 ==> 0 99 (Cross sectional shape of neural canal in posterior dorsals: circular (0) e) 1 0.125 0 --> 1 105 (Ratio of maximum distal width to height of the neural spines of proximal ) 1 0.200 1 --> 0 111 (Shape of the posterior haemal arches: rounded haemal spine in lateral vie) 1 0.333 1 --> 0 115 (Cranioventral process of coracoid: absent (0), present (1).) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 116 (Size of coracoid glenoid relative to scapula glenoid: sub-equal (0), half) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 118 (Scapula glenoid orientation: ventrolateral (0), ventral (1).) 1 0.500 1 ==> 0 139 (Orientation of deltopectoral crest projection: lateral (0), anterolateral) 1 0.250 1 ==> 0 169 (On deeply excavated triangular osteoderms, furrows perpendicular to basal) 1 0.400 0 ==> 1 172 (Form of pelvic osteoderms: no osteoderms (0) unfused (1), coossified oste) 1 0.429 1 ==> 0 node_63 --> Tatankacephalus cooneyorum 13 (Caudoventral extension of premaxillary tomium in lateral view: ends anteri) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 28 (Shape of the maxillary tooth row: straight (0), medially convex (1).) 1 0.167 1 --> 0 46 (Squamosal/postorbital horn: no horn (0) base has broad triangular cross-se) 1 0.222 0 --> 1 65 (Direction of the pterygoid flange: anterolateral (0), anterior/parasagitta) 1 0.500 1 ==> 0 70 (Position of posterior margin of pterygoid body relative to the anterior ma) 1 0.250 1 ==> 0 74 (Length of basisphenoid relative to the basioccipital: longer (0), shorter ) 1 0.500 1 ==> 0 node_64 --> Struthiosaurus austriacus 53 (Number of discrete nuchal caputegulae: none (0), 2 (1), greater than 2(2)) 1 0.400 0 ==> 1 57 (Form of the anterior surface of the quadrate: transversely concave (0), no) 1 0.333 1 ==> 0 95 (Dimensions of cervical vertebrae centra: anteroposteriorly longer than tra) 1 0.500 1 ==> 0 98 (Longitudinal keel on ventral surface of dorsal centra: present (0), absent) 1 0.250 1 ==> 0 123 (Distal end of scapula shaft: narrow (0), expanded (1).) 1 0.333 1 ==> 0 168 (Deeply excavated, dorsoventrally flattened triangular osteoderms: absent ) 1 0.400 1 ==> 0 node_65 --> Panoplosaurus mirus 6 (Antorbital region of the dorsal skull surface: flat (0), arched (1).) 1 0.167 0 ==> 1 86 (Length of mandibular caputegulum with respect to the length of the mandibl) 1 0.333 0 ==> 2 94 (Contact between atlas and axis: articulated (0), fused (1).) 1 0.250 0 --> 1 113 (Dimensions of coracoid: longer than wide (0), wider than long or equal wi) 1 0.333 0 --> 1 node_66 --> "Denversaurus" schlessmani 61 (Lateral ramus of the quadrate: present (0), absent (1).) 1 0.500 1 ==> 0 62 (Dorsoventral depth of the pterygoid process of the quadrate: deep (0), sha) 1 0.500 1 ==> 0 node_66 --> Edmontonia rugosidens 40 (Orbits, angle of orbital axis: <40 (0), >40 (1).) 1 0.143 0 ==> 1 94 (Contact between atlas and axis: articulated (0), fused (1).) 1 0.250 0 --> 1 97 (Ratio of anteroposterior dorsal centrum length to posterior centrum height) 1 0.250 1 --> 0 99 (Cross sectional shape of neural canal in posterior dorsals: circular (0) e) 1 0.125 0 --> 1 111 (Shape of the posterior haemal arches: rounded haemal spine in lateral vie) 1 0.333 1 --> 0 134 (Shape of ischium: straight (0), ventrally flexed at mid-length (1).) 1 0.200 0 --> 1 162 (Number of distinct cervical pectoral bands: none (0), one (1), two (2).) 1 0.750 2 --> 3 165 (Distal spines on cervical half ring: absent (0), present, projecting dors) 1 1.000 0 ==> 2 node_66 --> Edmontonia longiceps 2 (Lateral temporal fenestra, visible in lateral view: visible (0), not visibl) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 56 (Inclination of quadrate in lateral aspect: near vertical (0), almost 45 an) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 63 (Contact between paroccipital process and quadrate: sutural (0), fused (1).) 1 0.167 0 --> 1 128 (Form of the preacetabular portion of the ilium: straight process (0), pro) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 129 (Lateral edge of ilium in dorsal view: straight (0), sinuous (1).) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 134 (Shape of ischium: straight (0), ventrally flexed at mid-length (1).) 1 0.200 0 --> 1 138 (Ratio of deltopectoral crest length to humeral length: ?0.5 (0), >0.5 (1)) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 155 (Dimensions of largest osteoderm: no osteoderms (0) smaller than a dorsal ) 1 0.400 2 ==> 1 node_66 --> Europelta carbonensis 31 (Caudoventral secondary palate: absent (0), present (1)) 1 0.250 1 ==> 0 46 (Squamosal/postorbital horn: no horn (0) base has broad triangular cross-se) 1 0.222 0 ==> 1 54 (Posterior projection of the nuchal shelf: does not obscure occiput in dors) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 58 (Ventral projection of the mandibular process of the quadrate in lateral vi) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 72 (Direction of paroccipital process extension: caudolateral (0), lateral (1)) 1 0.333 1 ==> 0 75 (Form of basisphenoidal tuberosities: medially separated rounded rugose stu) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 80 (Depth of the dentary symphysial ramus relative to half the maximum depth o) 1 0.333 1 ==> 0 90 (Maxillary and/or dentary tooth denticles: >13 denticles (0), <13 denticles) 1 0.200 1 ==> 0 97 (Ratio of anteroposterior dorsal centrum length to posterior centrum height) 1 0.250 1 --> 0 105 (Ratio of maximum distal width to height of the neural spines of proximal ) 1 0.200 1 --> 0 133 (Pubis: present (0), indistinct from ilium (1)) 1 0.333 1 ==> 0 135 (Shape of the dorsal margin of ischium: straight or concave (0), convex (1) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 156 (Basal surface of osteoderms: no osteoderms (0) flat or gently concave (1)) 1 0.286 1 ==> 2 169 (On deeply excavated triangular osteoderms, furrows perpendicular to basal) 1 0.400 0 ==> 1 172 (Form of pelvic osteoderms: no osteoderms (0) unfused (1), coossified oste) 1 0.429 1 ==> 3 node_67 --> Peloroplites cedrimontanus 42 (Development of the postocular shelf: not developed (0), completely separat) 1 0.500 1 ==> 0 54 (Posterior projection of the nuchal shelf: does not obscure occiput in dors) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 60 (Inclination of the articular surface of the quadrate condyle in posterior ) 1 0.333 1 ==> 0 78 (Position of mandible articulation relative to mandibular adductor fossa: p) 1 0.500 1 ==> 0 82 (Development of the coronoid process: not developed (0), distinct (1).) 1 0.200 1 ==> 0 88 (Cingula on maxillary and/or dentary teeth: absent (0), present (1).) 1 0.200 1 --> 0 98 (Longitudinal keel on ventral surface of dorsal centra: present (0), absent) 1 0.250 1 ==> 0 114 (Form of the anterior margin of the coracoid: convex (0), straight (1).) 1 0.333 0 --> 1 119 (Ventral process of scapula at the caudoventral margin of glenoid: absent ) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 121 (Orientation of the acromion process of scapula: directed away from the gl) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 132 (Postacetabular ilium length, relative to diameter of acetabulum: greater ) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 144 (Angle between long axis of femoral head and long axis of shaft: <100 (0),) 1 0.333 2 ==> 1 147 (Oblique ridge on lateral femoral shaft, distal to anterior trochanter: ab) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 node_68 --> Gastonia burgei 6 (Antorbital region of the dorsal skull surface: flat (0), arched (1).) 1 0.167 0 ==> 1 8 (Ornamentation on premaxillary beak: absent (0), present (1)) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 13 (Caudoventral extension of premaxillary tomium in lateral view: ends anteri) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 20 (Frontonasal and/or frontoparietal cranial ornamentation: absent (0) rugose) 1 0.400 2 --> 1 56 (Inclination of quadrate in lateral aspect: near vertical (0), almost 45 an) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 59 (Form of quadrate mandibular extremity: symmetrical (0), medial condyle lar) 1 0.500 1 ==> 0 76 (Size of basipterygoid processes: twice as long as wide or over (0), less t) 1 0.333 1 ==> 0 88 (Cingula on maxillary and/or dentary teeth: absent (0), present (1).) 1 0.200 1 --> 0 134 (Shape of ischium: straight (0), ventrally flexed at mid-length (1).) 1 0.200 0 --> 1 156 (Basal surface of osteoderms: no osteoderms (0) flat or gently concave (1)) 1 0.286 1 --> 2 163 (Form of cervical half rings: cervical half rings absent (0), composed of ) 1 0.500 1 --> 2 167 (Millimeter-sized ossicles abundant in spaces between osteoderms in thorac) 1 0.200 0 --> 1 168 (Deeply excavated, dorsoventrally flattened triangular osteoderms: absent ) 1 0.400 1 ==> 2 172 (Form of pelvic osteoderms: no osteoderms (0) unfused (1), coossified oste) 1 0.429 1 ==> 2 node_89 --> node_88 2 (Lateral temporal fenestra, visible in lateral view: visible (0), not visibl) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 20 (Frontonasal and/or frontoparietal cranial ornamentation: absent (0) rugose) 1 0.400 2 --> 1 75 (Form of basisphenoidal tuberosities: medially separated rounded rugose stu) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 89 (Maxillary and/or dentary tooth crown shape: pointed (0), rounded (1).) 1 0.200 0 ==> 1 90 (Maxillary and/or dentary tooth denticles: >13 denticles (0), <13 denticles) 1 0.200 0 ==> 1 115 (Cranioventral process of coracoid: absent (0), present (1).) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 132 (Postacetabular ilium length, relative to diameter of acetabulum: greater ) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 135 (Shape of the dorsal margin of ischium: straight or concave (0), convex (1) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 149 (Location of the fourth trochanter on the femoral shaft: proximal (0) dist) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 150 (Maximum distal width of the tibia, compared to the maximum proximal width) 1 0.333 0 --> 1 152 (Number of pedal digits: 5 (0), 4 (1), 3 (2).) 1 0.667 1 --> 2 node_88 --> Cedarpelta bilbeyhallorum 31 (Caudoventral secondary palate: absent (0), present (1)) 1 0.250 1 ==> 0 73 (Bones forming the occipital condyle: basioccipital and exoccipital (0), ba) 1 0.200 0 --> 1 88 (Cingula on maxillary and/or dentary teeth: absent (0), present (1).) 1 0.200 1 ==> 0 103 (Longitudinal groove in ventral surface of the sacrum: absent (0), present) 1 0.333 0 --> 1 105 (Ratio of maximum distal width to height of the neural spines of proximal ) 1 0.200 1 ==> 0 114 (Form of the anterior margin of the coracoid: convex (0), straight (1).) 1 0.333 0 --> 1 136 (Separation of humeral head and deltopectoral crest in anterior view: cont) 1 0.167 0 ==> 1 138 (Ratio of deltopectoral crest length to humeral length: ?0.5 (0), >0.5 (1)) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 144 (Angle between long axis of femoral head and long axis of shaft: <100 (0),) 1 0.333 2 ==> 1 node_88 --> Chuanqilong chaoyangensis 4 (Skull dimensions, including ornamentation: longer than wide (0), as wide, o) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 123 (Distal end of scapula shaft: narrow (0), expanded (1).) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 135 (Shape of the dorsal margin of ischium: straight or concave (0), convex (1) 1 0.333 1 ==> 0 138 (Ratio of deltopectoral crest length to humeral length: ?0.5 (0), >0.5 (1)) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 143 (Shape of manual and pedal ungual phalanges: narrow, claw-shaped (0) wide,) 1 0.333 1 --> 2 145 (Separation of femoral head from greater trochanter: continuous (0), separ) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 161 (Gular osteoderms: absent (0), present (1).) 1 0.250 1 ==> 0 node_88 --> node_87 16 (External nares, visible in dorsal view: visible (0), hidden (1).) 1 0.200 0 --> 1 51 (Form of the parietal surface: parietals flat to slightly convex (0), parie) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 54 (Posterior projection of the nuchal shelf: does not obscure occiput in dors) 1 0.250 0 --> 1 82 (Development of the coronoid process: not developed (0), distinct (1).) 1 0.200 1 ==> 0 87 (Premaxillary teeth: present (0) absent (1).) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 99 (Cross sectional shape of neural canal in posterior dorsals: circular (0) e) 1 0.125 0 --> 1 109 (Extent of pre- and postzygapophyses over their adjacent centra in posteri) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 110 (In tail club handle vertebrae, shape of each interlocking neural arch in ) 1 1.000 0 ==> 1 163 (Form of cervical half rings: cervical half rings absent (0), composed of ) 1 0.500 1 --> 2 164 (Composition of first cervical half ring with band: no cervical half ring ) 1 0.667 0 --> 1 node_87 --> node_85 9 (Premaxillary sinus: absent (0), present (1)) 1 1.000 0 --> 1 18 (Shape of respiratory passage: straight or arched (0), with anterior (rostr) 1 1.000 0 --> 1 38 (Form of supraorbitals (including ornamentation): absent (0), boss-like, ro) 1 0.500 1 ==> 2 40 (Orbits, angle of orbital axis: <40 (0), >40 (1).) 1 0.143 0 ==> 1 56 (Inclination of quadrate in lateral aspect: near vertical (0), almost 45 an) 1 0.250 0 --> 1 101 (Attachment of dorsal ribs to posterior dorsal vertebrae: articulated (0),) 1 0.200 0 --> 1 119 (Ventral process of scapula at the caudoventral margin of glenoid: absent ) 1 0.333 0 --> 1 120 (Form of the scapula acromion process: not developed or ridge-like along t) 1 0.667 0 --> 1 133 (Pubis: present (0), indistinct from ilium (1)) 1 0.333 0 --> 1 176 (Tail club knob shape: knob absent (0), major knob osteoderms semicircular) 1 1.000 0 ==> 1 177 (Tail club knob proportions: knob absent (0), tail club knob length > widt) 1 0.750 0 ==> 1 node_85 --> node_69 122 (Scapulocoracoid buttress: absent (0), present (1).) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 node_69 --> Crichtonpelta benxiensis 6 (Antorbital region of the dorsal skull surface: flat (0), arched (1).) 1 0.167 0 ==> 1 15 (External nares, defined as the outermost rim of the nasal vestibule, openi) 1 0.667 0 ==> 1 16 (External nares, visible in dorsal view: visible (0), hidden (1).) 1 0.200 1 ==> 0 39 (Supraorbitals, when viewed dorsally: no supraorbitals (0), combine to form) 1 0.400 1 ==> 2 46 (Squamosal/postorbital horn: no horn (0) base has broad triangular cross-se) 1 0.222 1 --> 0 48 (Jugal/quadratojugal horn: no horn (0) lacks distinct neck at base (1), has) 1 0.500 1 ==> 0 63 (Contact between paroccipital process and quadrate: sutural (0), fused (1).) 1 0.167 0 --> 1 73 (Bones forming the occipital condyle: basioccipital and exoccipital (0), ba) 1 0.200 0 --> 1 97 (Ratio of anteroposterior dorsal centrum length to posterior centrum height) 1 0.250 1 --> 0 117 (Contact between scapula and coracoid: articulated (0), fused (1).) 1 0.250 0 --> 1 node_69 --> Jinyunpelta sinensis 8 (Ornamentation on premaxillary beak: absent (0), present (1)) 1 0.250 0 --> 1 10 (Dimensions of premaxillary palate: longer than wide (0), wider than long () 1 0.200 0 --> 1 17 (Paranasal apertures/fossae: no fossae or apertures present besides primary) 1 0.333 0 --> 1 28 (Shape of the maxillary tooth row: straight (0), medially convex (1).) 1 0.167 0 --> 1 139 (Orientation of deltopectoral crest projection: lateral (0), anterolateral) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 167 (Millimeter-sized ossicles abundant in spaces between osteoderms in thorac) 1 0.200 0 --> 1 node_85 --> node_84 13 (Caudoventral extension of premaxillary tomium in lateral view: ends anteri) 1 0.333 0 --> 1 32 (Posterior palatal foramen: absent (0), present (1).) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 35 (Lacrimal caputegulum in lateral view: no caputegulum (0) 1 caputegulum (1)) 1 0.667 0 ==> 1 53 (Number of discrete nuchal caputegulae: none (0), 2 (1), greater than 2(2)) 1 0.400 0 ==> 1 58 (Ventral projection of the mandibular process of the quadrate in lateral vi) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 69 (Pterygoid foramen: absent (0), present (1).) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 86 (Length of mandibular caputegulum with respect to the length of the mandibl) 1 0.333 0 --> 1 108 (Attachment of haemal arches to their respective centra: articulated (0), ) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 114 (Form of the anterior margin of the coracoid: convex (0), straight (1).) 1 0.333 0 --> 1 node_84 --> node_83 4 (Skull dimensions, including ornamentation: longer than wide (0), as wide, o) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 10 (Dimensions of premaxillary palate: longer than wide (0), wider than long () 1 0.200 0 --> 1 15 (External nares, defined as the outermost rim of the nasal vestibule, openi) 1 0.667 0 ==> 1 24 (Supranarial caputegulae, notch or embayment dorsal to nasal vestibule: no ) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 28 (Shape of the maxillary tooth row: straight (0), medially convex (1).) 1 0.167 0 --> 1 30 (Distance between posteriormost extent of maxillary tooth rows relative to ) 1 0.200 0 ==> 1 36 (Prefrontal caputegulum: no caputegulum (0) flat (1), sharply pointed and p) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 92 (Type of articulation between the atlantal neural arch and intercentrum: op) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 117 (Contact between scapula and coracoid: articulated (0), fused (1).) 1 0.250 0 --> 1 124 (Contact between sternal plates: separate (0), fused (1).) 1 1.000 0 --> 1 130 (Lateral exposure of the acetabulum: exposed (0) acetabulum partially obsc) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 138 (Ratio of deltopectoral crest length to humeral length: ?0.5 (0), >0.5 (1)) 1 0.250 0 --> 1 151 (Contact between tibia and astragalus: articulated (0), fused, with suture) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 156 (Basal surface of osteoderms: no osteoderms (0) flat or gently concave (1)) 1 0.286 1 --> 2 161 (Gular osteoderms: absent (0), present (1).) 1 0.250 1 ==> 0 node_83 --> node_70 6 (Antorbital region of the dorsal skull surface: flat (0), arched (1).) 1 0.167 0 ==> 1 16 (External nares, visible in dorsal view: visible (0), hidden (1).) 1 0.200 1 ==> 0 17 (Paranasal apertures/fossae: no fossae or apertures present besides primary) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 44 (Depth of jugal ramus relative to orbit height: jugal height is less than 1) 1 0.200 1 ==> 0 node_70 --> Pinacosaurus grangeri 14 (Bone bordering anterior margin of internal nares: premaxilla (0), maxilla ) 1 0.333 1 --> 0 24 (Supranarial caputegulae, notch or embayment dorsal to nasal vestibule: no ) 1 0.500 1 ==> 2 34 (Lacrimal incisure (mediolateral constriction behind the nares/at the prefr) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 36 (Prefrontal caputegulum: no caputegulum (0) flat (1), sharply pointed and p) 1 0.333 1 ==> 2 39 (Supraorbitals, when viewed dorsally: no supraorbitals (0), combine to form) 1 0.400 1 ==> 2 82 (Development of the coronoid process: not developed (0), distinct (1).) 1 0.200 0 ==> 1 115 (Cranioventral process of coracoid: absent (0), present (1).) 1 0.333 1 --> 0 166 (Osteoderms on proximal limb segments: absent (0), present (1).) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 177 (Tail club knob proportions: knob absent (0), tail club knob length > widt) 1 0.750 1 --> 2 node_70 --> Pinacosaurus mephistocephalus 46 (Squamosal/postorbital horn: no horn (0) base has broad triangular cross-se) 1 0.222 1 ==> 2 48 (Jugal/quadratojugal horn: no horn (0) lacks distinct neck at base (1), has) 1 0.500 1 ==> 2 56 (Inclination of quadrate in lateral aspect: near vertical (0), almost 45 an) 1 0.250 1 ==> 0 170 (Lateralmost osteoderms in thoracic region: absent (0), ovoid or sub-ovoid) 1 0.500 2 --> 1 node_83 --> node_82 20 (Frontonasal and/or frontoparietal cranial ornamentation: absent (0) rugose) 1 0.400 1 ==> 2 22 (Majority of frontonasal and/or frontoparietal caputegulum relief: caputegu) 1 0.286 0 ==> 1 27 (Loreal caputegulum in lateral view: no caputegulum (0) 1 caputegulum (1), ) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 37 (Scroll-like descending process of the frontal: absent (0) present (1)) 1 1.000 0 ==> 1 49 (Jugal or quadratojugal horn size relative to orbit size: no horn (0), leng) 1 0.667 1 ==> 2 73 (Bones forming the occipital condyle: basioccipital and exoccipital (0), ba) 1 0.200 0 --> 1 86 (Length of mandibular caputegulum with respect to the length of the mandibl) 1 0.333 1 ==> 2 164 (Composition of first cervical half ring with band: no cervical half ring ) 1 0.667 1 ==> 2 170 (Lateralmost osteoderms in thoracic region: absent (0), ovoid or sub-ovoid) 1 0.500 2 --> 1 node_82 --> node_73 21 (Number of caputegulae in frontonasal and prefrontal region: no caputegulae) 1 0.500 0 --> 2 63 (Contact between paroccipital process and quadrate: sutural (0), fused (1).) 1 0.167 0 ==> 1 node_73 --> node_72 8 (Ornamentation on premaxillary beak: absent (0), present (1)) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 17 (Paranasal apertures/fossae: no fossae or apertures present besides primary) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 22 (Majority of frontonasal and/or frontoparietal caputegulum relief: caputegu) 1 0.286 1 ==> 2 23 (Domed frontonasal caputegulae: domed caputegulae absent (0), rounded cones) 1 0.667 0 ==> 2 50 (Small (<2 cm diameter), circular caputegulae posterolateral to orbit (post) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 82 (Development of the coronoid process: not developed (0), distinct (1).) 1 0.200 0 --> 1 84 (Size and projection of the retroarticular process: small with no dorsal pr) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 node_72 --> Saichania (including T. teresae 25 (Number of internarial caputegulae: none (0), 1 (1), more than 1 (2).) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 30 (Distance between posteriormost extent of maxillary tooth rows relative to ) 1 0.200 1 ==> 0 77 (Form of the cranial nerve foramina IX-XII: separate foramina (0), single f) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 94 (Contact between atlas and axis: articulated (0), fused (1).) 1 0.250 0 --> 1 136 (Separation of humeral head and deltopectoral crest in anterior view: cont) 1 0.167 0 --> 1 node_72 --> node_71 27 (Loreal caputegulum in lateral view: no caputegulum (0) 1 caputegulum (1), ) 1 0.500 1 ==> 2 34 (Lacrimal incisure (mediolateral constriction behind the nares/at the prefr) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 35 (Lacrimal caputegulum in lateral view: no caputegulum (0) 1 caputegulum (1)) 1 0.667 1 ==> 2 36 (Prefrontal caputegulum: no caputegulum (0) flat (1), sharply pointed and p) 1 0.333 1 ==> 2 39 (Supraorbitals, when viewed dorsally: no supraorbitals (0), combine to form) 1 0.400 1 ==> 2 54 (Posterior projection of the nuchal shelf: does not obscure occiput in dors) 1 0.250 1 ==> 0 node_71 --> Tarchia kielanae (skull=Minotaur 25 (Number of internarial caputegulae: none (0), 1 (1), more than 1 (2).) 1 0.500 0 --> 2 44 (Depth of jugal ramus relative to orbit height: jugal height is less than 1) 1 0.200 1 ==> 0 45 (Accessory postorbital ossification: absent (0), present (1)) 1 1.000 0 ==> 1 46 (Squamosal/postorbital horn: no horn (0) base has broad triangular cross-se) 1 0.222 1 ==> 2 48 (Jugal/quadratojugal horn: no horn (0) lacks distinct neck at base (1), has) 1 0.500 1 ==> 2 56 (Inclination of quadrate in lateral aspect: near vertical (0), almost 45 an) 1 0.250 1 ==> 0 58 (Ventral projection of the mandibular process of the quadrate in lateral vi) 1 0.250 1 ==> 0 63 (Contact between paroccipital process and quadrate: sutural (0), fused (1).) 1 0.167 1 ==> 0 68 (Dorsal extent of median vomer lamina: does not meet skull roof (0), meets ) 1 0.333 1 ==> 0 77 (Form of the cranial nerve foramina IX-XII: separate foramina (0), single f) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 node_71 --> Zaraapelta nomadis 40 (Orbits, angle of orbital axis: <40 (0), >40 (1).) 1 0.143 1 ==> 0 53 (Number of discrete nuchal caputegulae: none (0), 2 (1), greater than 2(2)) 1 0.400 1 ==> 0 66 (Contact between basipterygoid processes and pterygoid: sutural (0), fused ) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 node_73 --> Tsagantegia longicranialis 4 (Skull dimensions, including ornamentation: longer than wide (0), as wide, o) 1 0.333 1 ==> 0 16 (External nares, visible in dorsal view: visible (0), hidden (1).) 1 0.200 1 ==> 0 32 (Posterior palatal foramen: absent (0), present (1).) 1 0.500 1 ==> 0 40 (Orbits, angle of orbital axis: <40 (0), >40 (1).) 1 0.143 1 ==> 0 69 (Pterygoid foramen: absent (0), present (1).) 1 0.250 1 ==> 0 node_82 --> node_81 41 (Ciliary osteoderm (eyelid ossification): absent (0) present (1)) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 53 (Number of discrete nuchal caputegulae: none (0), 2 (1), greater than 2(2)) 1 0.400 1 ==> 2 167 (Millimeter-sized ossicles abundant in spaces between osteoderms in thorac) 1 0.200 0 --> 1 169 (On deeply excavated triangular osteoderms, furrows perpendicular to basal) 1 0.400 0 --> 1 node_81 --> node_80 105 (Ratio of maximum distal width to height of the neural spines of proximal ) 1 0.200 1 ==> 0 node_80 --> node_74 22 (Majority of frontonasal and/or frontoparietal caputegulum relief: caputegu) 1 0.286 1 ==> 2 23 (Domed frontonasal caputegulae: domed caputegulae absent (0), rounded cones) 1 0.667 0 ==> 1 node_74 --> Talarurus plicatospineus 40 (Orbits, angle of orbital axis: <40 (0), >40 (1).) 1 0.143 1 --> 0 99 (Cross sectional shape of neural canal in posterior dorsals: circular (0) e) 1 0.125 1 --> 0 node_74 --> Nodocephalosaurus kirtlandensis 39 (Supraorbitals, when viewed dorsally: no supraorbitals (0), combine to form) 1 0.400 1 ==> 2 158 (Haversian bone in osteoderms: no osteoderms (0) absent in core of skeleta) 1 0.500 1 --> 2 node_80 --> node_79 6 (Antorbital region of the dorsal skull surface: flat (0), arched (1).) 1 0.167 0 ==> 1 21 (Number of caputegulae in frontonasal and prefrontal region: no caputegulae) 1 0.500 0 --> 3 26 (Median nasal caputegulum (located posterior to the supranarial ornamentati) 1 1.000 0 ==> 1 node_79 --> node_78 50 (Small (<2 cm diameter), circular caputegulae posterolateral to orbit (post) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 node_78 --> node_77 19 (Vascular impressions on dorsal surface of posterior nasal passage (airway)) 1 1.000 0 --> 1 70 (Position of posterior margin of pterygoid body relative to the anterior ma) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 84 (Size and projection of the retroarticular process: small with no dorsal pr) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 node_77 --> node_76 120 (Form of the scapula acromion process: not developed or ridge-like along t) 1 0.667 1 --> 0 164 (Composition of first cervical half ring with band: no cervical half ring ) 1 0.667 2 ==> 1 177 (Tail club knob proportions: knob absent (0), tail club knob length > widt) 1 0.750 1 --> 2 node_76 --> node_75 50 (Small (<2 cm diameter), circular caputegulae posterolateral to orbit (post) 1 0.333 1 ==> 0 122 (Scapulocoracoid buttress: absent (0), present (1).) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 node_75 --> Ankylosaurus magniventris 15 (External nares, defined as the outermost rim of the nasal vestibule, openi) 1 0.667 1 ==> 2 30 (Distance between posteriormost extent of maxillary tooth rows relative to ) 1 0.200 1 ==> 0 40 (Orbits, angle of orbital axis: <40 (0), >40 (1).) 1 0.143 1 ==> 0 91 (Number of dentary teeth: <25 (0), ?25 (1).) 1 0.200 0 ==> 1 110 (In tail club handle vertebrae, shape of each interlocking neural arch in ) 1 1.000 1 ==> 3 136 (Separation of humeral head and deltopectoral crest in anterior view: cont) 1 0.167 0 ==> 1 node_75 --> Euoplocephalus tutus 82 (Development of the coronoid process: not developed (0), distinct (1).) 1 0.200 0 ==> 1 node_76 --> Scolosaurus cutleri 132 (Postacetabular ilium length, relative to diameter of acetabulum: greater ) 1 0.250 1 ==> 0 166 (Osteoderms on proximal limb segments: absent (0), present (1).) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 node_77 --> Anodontosaurus lambei 40 (Orbits, angle of orbital axis: <40 (0), >40 (1).) 1 0.143 1 ==> 0 176 (Tail club knob shape: knob absent (0), major knob osteoderms semicircular) 1 1.000 1 ==> 2 177 (Tail club knob proportions: knob absent (0), tail club knob length > widt) 1 0.750 1 --> 3 node_78 --> Zuul cruravastator 12 (V or U-shaped median indentation of the anterior margin of the premaxilla:) 1 0.250 1 ==> 0 36 (Prefrontal caputegulum: no caputegulum (0) flat (1), sharply pointed and p) 1 0.333 1 ==> 2 69 (Pterygoid foramen: absent (0), present (1).) 1 0.250 1 ==> 0 86 (Length of mandibular caputegulum with respect to the length of the mandibl) 1 0.333 2 ==> 0 89 (Maxillary and/or dentary tooth crown shape: pointed (0), rounded (1).) 1 0.200 1 ==> 0 161 (Gular osteoderms: absent (0), present (1).) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 170 (Lateralmost osteoderms in thoracic region: absent (0), ovoid or sub-ovoid) 1 0.500 1 ==> 2 node_81 --> Dyoplosaurus acutosquameus 38 (Form of supraorbitals (including ornamentation): absent (0), boss-like, ro) 1 0.500 2 ==> 1 143 (Shape of manual and pedal ungual phalanges: narrow, claw-shaped (0) wide,) 1 0.333 1 ==> 2 node_84 --> Datai yinliangis 7 (Deep longitudinal furrow on premaxilla: absent (0), present (1).) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 11 (Shape of the premaxillary palate: sub-triangular (0), sub-quadrate (1), su) 1 0.667 1 ==> 0 51 (Form of the parietal surface: parietals flat to slightly convex (0), parie) 1 0.333 1 ==> 0 70 (Position of posterior margin of pterygoid body relative to the anterior ma) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 167 (Millimeter-sized ossicles abundant in spaces between osteoderms in thorac) 1 0.200 0 --> 1 168 (Deeply excavated, dorsoventrally flattened triangular osteoderms: absent ) 1 0.400 1 ==> 0 node_87 --> node_86 6 (Antorbital region of the dorsal skull surface: flat (0), arched (1).) 1 0.167 0 ==> 1 7 (Deep longitudinal furrow on premaxilla: absent (0), present (1).) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 49 (Jugal or quadratojugal horn size relative to orbit size: no horn (0), leng) 1 0.667 1 ==> 2 node_86 --> Gobisaurus domoculus 56 (Inclination of quadrate in lateral aspect: near vertical (0), almost 45 an) 1 0.250 0 --> 1 75 (Form of basisphenoidal tuberosities: medially separated rounded rugose stu) 1 0.333 1 ==> 0 76 (Size of basipterygoid processes: twice as long as wide or over (0), less t) 1 0.333 1 --> 0 node_86 --> Shamosaurus scutatus 53 (Number of discrete nuchal caputegulae: none (0), 2 (1), greater than 2(2)) 1 0.400 0 ==> 1 63 (Contact between paroccipital process and quadrate: sutural (0), fused (1).) 1 0.167 0 ==> 1 66 (Contact between basipterygoid processes and pterygoid: sutural (0), fused ) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 86 (Length of mandibular caputegulum with respect to the length of the mandibl) 1 0.333 0 --> 1 node_88 --> Liaoningosaurus paradoxus 109 (Extent of pre- and postzygapophyses over their adjacent centra in posteri) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 112 (Ossified tendons in distal region of tail: absent (0), present (1).) 1 0.333 1 ==> 0 143 (Shape of manual and pedal ungual phalanges: narrow, claw-shaped (0) wide,) 1 0.333 1 --> 2 146 (Differentiation of the anterior trochanter of the femur: separated from f) 1 0.500 1 ==> 0 152 (Number of pedal digits: 5 (0), 4 (1), 3 (2).) 1 0.667 2 ==> 0 153 (Phalangeal number in pedal digit IV: 5 (0), ?4 (1)) 1 0.500 1 ==> 0 node_90 --> Gargoyleosaurus parkpinorum 10 (Dimensions of premaxillary palate: longer than wide (0), wider than long () 1 0.200 0 --> 1 21 (Number of caputegulae in frontonasal and prefrontal region: no caputegulae) 1 0.500 0 ==> 2 22 (Majority of frontonasal and/or frontoparietal caputegulum relief: caputegu) 1 0.286 0 ==> 1 24 (Supranarial caputegulae, notch or embayment dorsal to nasal vestibule: no ) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 25 (Number of internarial caputegulae: none (0), 1 (1), more than 1 (2).) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 36 (Prefrontal caputegulum: no caputegulum (0) flat (1), sharply pointed and p) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 56 (Inclination of quadrate in lateral aspect: near vertical (0), almost 45 an) 1 0.250 0 ==> 2 83 (Position of glenoid for quadrate relative to mandibular axis: medially off) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 88 (Cingula on maxillary and/or dentary teeth: absent (0), present (1).) 1 0.200 1 --> 0 91 (Number of dentary teeth: <25 (0), ?25 (1).) 1 0.200 0 ==> 1 145 (Separation of femoral head from greater trochanter: continuous (0), separ) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 149 (Location of the fourth trochanter on the femoral shaft: proximal (0) dist) 1 0.500 0 --> 1 156 (Basal surface of osteoderms: no osteoderms (0) flat or gently concave (1)) 1 0.286 1 --> 2 158 (Haversian bone in osteoderms: no osteoderms (0) absent in core of skeleta) 1 0.500 1 ==> 2 172 (Form of pelvic osteoderms: no osteoderms (0) unfused (1), coossified oste) 1 0.429 1 ==> 2 node_91 --> Hylaeosaurus armatus 98 (Longitudinal keel on ventral surface of dorsal centra: present (0), absent) 1 0.250 1 ==> 0 107 (Persistence of transverse processes down the length of the caudal series:) 1 0.333 0 --> 1 113 (Dimensions of coracoid: longer than wide (0), wider than long or equal wi) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 128 (Form of the preacetabular portion of the ilium: straight process (0), pro) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 155 (Dimensions of largest osteoderm: no osteoderms (0) smaller than a dorsal ) 1 0.400 2 ==> 1 node_92 --> Kunbarrasaurus ieversi 2 (Lateral temporal fenestra, visible in lateral view: visible (0), not visibl) 1 0.333 0 ==> 1 28 (Shape of the maxillary tooth row: straight (0), medially convex (1).) 1 0.167 0 ==> 1 58 (Ventral projection of the mandibular process of the quadrate in lateral vi) 1 0.250 0 --> 1 89 (Maxillary and/or dentary tooth crown shape: pointed (0), rounded (1).) 1 0.200 0 ==> 1 125 (Length of the preacetabular process of ilium as a percentage of total ili) 1 0.500 1 ==> 0 162 (Number of distinct cervical pectoral bands: none (0), one (1), two (2).) 1 0.750 0 --> 1 166 (Osteoderms on proximal limb segments: absent (0), present (1).) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 167 (Millimeter-sized ossicles abundant in spaces between osteoderms in thorac) 1 0.200 0 --> 1 173 (Caudal osteoderms: absent (0), present on dorsal or dorsolateral surfaces) 1 0.667 1 --> 2 174 (Morphology of proximal, lateral caudal osteoderms: osteoderms absent (0),) 1 0.500 2 ==> 1 node_93 --> Mymoorapelta maysi 99 (Cross sectional shape of neural canal in posterior dorsals: circular (0) e) 1 0.125 0 --> 1 101 (Attachment of dorsal ribs to posterior dorsal vertebrae: articulated (0),) 1 0.200 0 --> 1 108 (Attachment of haemal arches to their respective centra: articulated (0), ) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 128 (Form of the preacetabular portion of the ilium: straight process (0), pro) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 130 (Lateral exposure of the acetabulum: exposed (0) acetabulum partially obsc) 1 0.500 0 ==> 1 134 (Shape of ischium: straight (0), ventrally flexed at mid-length (1).) 1 0.200 0 ==> 1 139 (Orientation of deltopectoral crest projection: lateral (0), anterolateral) 1 0.250 0 ==> 1 156 (Basal surface of osteoderms: no osteoderms (0) flat or gently concave (1)) 1 0.286 1 ==> 2 169 (On deeply excavated triangular osteoderms, furrows perpendicular to basal) 1 0.400 0 ==> 2 172 (Form of pelvic osteoderms: no osteoderms (0) unfused (1), coossified oste) 1 0.429 1 ==> 2