Finding Your Place: Assessing Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in an Academic Library
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18438/eblip30569Abstract
Objective – An exploratory study was conducted to identify the key factors that influence students’ perceptions of a sense of belonging in an academic library, focusing particularly on gaining insight into the perspectives of students from historically marginalized communities.
Methods – Participants were administered an online survey comprising 18 multiple-choice, Likert-type, and open-ended questions. The survey was active for three weeks during March and April 2022. Effect sizes were calculated using Pearson point-biserial correlation statistics. Qualitative results were coded using thematic analysis.
Results – An analysis of the quantitative data revealed that students who identified as non-binary/queer/gender non-conforming, identified as a person of color, or identified as a person with a disability were less likely to find the library as inclusive. They were also more likely to report incidents of microaggression, bias, or discrimination. An analysis of the qualitative data revealed several key factors influencing perceptions of inclusiveness, including space, collections, displays, art, technology, programming, marketing, staff, and wayfinding.
Conclusion – These mixed findings suggest that while the majority of students perceive the library environment as inclusive, further efforts are needed to establish a truly inclusive and safe space for students from historically marginalized communities.
Downloads
References
Bodaghi, N. B., & Zainab, A. N. (2013). My carrel, my second home: Inclusion and the sense of belonging among visually impaired students in an academic library. Malaysian Journal of Library & Information Science, 18(1), 39–54.
Bucy, R. (2022). Native American student experiences of the academic library. College & Research Libraries, 83(3), 416–433. https://doi.org/10.5860/crl.83.3.416
Chapman, J., Daly, E., Forte, A., King, I., Yang, B. W., & Zabala, P. (2020). Understanding the experiences and needs of Black students at Duke [Report]. https://dukespace.lib.duke.edu/dspace/handle/10161/20753
Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences (2nd ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203771587
Cohen, J., Cohen, P., West, S. G., & Aiken, L. S. (2002). Applied Multiple Regression/Correlation Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences (3rd ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203774441
Colorado State University Libraries. (2021). Strategic plan. https://lib.colostate.edu/about/strategic-plan/
Colorado State University Office for Inclusive Excellence. (2021). Employee Climate Survey. Employee Climate Survey. https://cdn.prod.website-files.com/663a4f2aabeeb6eaf39d774d/66562d007a05f5d28aa47e92_CSU-ECS-2021-final.pdf
Couture, J., Bretón, J., Dommermuth, E., Floersch, N., Ilett, D., Nowak, K., Roberts, L., & Watson, R. (2021). “We’re gonna figure this out”: First-generation students and academic libraries. Portal: Libraries and the Academy, 21(1), 127–147. https://doi.org/10.1353/pla.2021.0009
Dau, D., & Strauss, P. (2016). The experience of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and trans students at the University of Western Australia: Research report 2016. Equity and Diversity, The University of Western Australia, Crawley. http://www.hr.uwa.edu.au/equity/sexualities/studylgbtstudents
Drake, A. A., & Bielefield, A. (2017). Equitable access: Information seeking behavior, information needs, and necessary library accommodations for transgender patrons. Library & Information Science Research, 39(3), 160–168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lisr.2017.06.002
Funder, D. C., & Ozer, D. J. (2019). Evaluating effect size in psychological research: Sense and nonsense. Advances in Methods and Practices in Psychological Science, 2(2), 156–168. https://doi.org/10.1177/2515245919847202
Gibson, A. N., Chancellor, R. L., Cooke, N. A., Dahlen, S. P., Patin, B., & Shorish, Y. L. (2020). Struggling to breathe: COVID-19, protest and the LIS response. Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal, 40(1), 74–82. https://doi.org/10.1108/EDI-07-2020-0178
Gibson, A. N., Chancellor, R. L., Cooke, N. A., Park, D. S., Lee, S. A., & Shorish, Y. L. (2017). Libraries on the frontlines: Neutrality and social justice. Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal, 36(8), 751–766. https://doi.org/10.1108/EDI-11-2016-0100
Guest, G., Namey, E., Taylor, J., Eley, N., & McKenna, K. (2017). Comparing focus groups and individual interviews: Findings from a randomized study. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 20(6), 693–708. https://doi.org/10.1080/13645579.2017.1281601
Hays, A. (2020). A question of space: Surveying student usage of LGBTQ resources in the LGBTQ student center library and the campus library. New Review of Academic Librarianship, 26(1), 110–132. https://doi.org/10.1080/13614533.2018.1564336
Lyttan, B., & Laloo, B. (2020). Equitable access to information in libraries: A predicament for transgender people. Journal of Access Services, 17(1), 46–64. https://doi.org/10.1080/15367967.2019.1671850
Mahar, A. L., Cobigo, V., & Stuart, H. (2013). Conceptualizing belonging. Disability and Rehabilitation, 35(12), 1026–1032. https://doi.org/10.3109/09638288.2012.717584
Matheson, M., Tait, E., & Reynolds, S. (2020). Checking the pulse of LGBTIQ+ inclusion and representation in the academic library: A literature review. Journal of the Australian Library & Information Association, 69(1), 31–46. https://doi.org/10.1080/24750158.2019.1686571
Morgan-Daniel, J., Norton, H. F., Adkins, L. E., Tennant, M. R., Edwards, M. E., & Daley, M. (2022). Identifying diversity, equity, and inclusion enhancement opportunities through an online mixed methods library survey. Journal of the Medical Library Association, 110(4), 438–448. https://doi.org/10.5195/jmla.2022.1436
Office of Regulatory Affairs and Research Compliance. (2020). ORARC Tip Sheet: Inclusive Demographic Data Collection. Office of Regulatory Affairs and Research Compliance. https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/regulatory-affairs-and-research-compliance/wp-content/uploads/sites/2352/2023/05/ORARC-Tip-Sheet-Inclusive-Demographic-Data-Collection.pdf
Ossom-Williamson, P., Williams, J., Goodman, X., Minter, C. I. J., & Logan, A. (2021). Starting with I: Combating anti-Blackness in libraries. Medical Reference Services Quarterly, 40(2), 139–150. https://doi.org/10.1080/02763869.2021.1903276
Poudre River Public Library District. (2021). Poudre River Public Library District Patron Survey.
Ross, P. T., Hart-Johnson, T., Santen, S. A., & Zaidi, N. L. B. (2020). Considerations for using race and ethnicity as quantitative variables in medical education research. Perspectives on Medical Education, 9(5), 318–323. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40037-020-00602-3
Sanchez, M. E. (2019). Perceptions of campus climate and experiences of racial microaggressions for Latinos at Hispanic-serving institutions. Journal of Hispanic Higher Education, 18(3), 240–253. https://doi.org/10.1177/1538192717739351
Schomberg, J., & Corley, C. (2022). Asking the right questions: Accessibility and library study rooms. Journal of Library Administration, 62(4), 572–579. https://doi.org/10.1080/01930826.2022.2057134
Scoulas, J. M. (2021). College students’ perceptions on sense of belonging and inclusion at the academic library during COVID-19. The Journal of Academic Librarianship, 47(6), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acalib.2021.102460
Silver Wolf (Adelv unegv Waya), D. A. P., Perkins, J., Butler-Barnes, S. T., & Walker, T. A. Jr. (2017). Social belonging and college retention: Results from a quasi-experimental pilot study. Journal of College Student Development, 58(5), 777–782. https://doi.org/10.1353/csd.2017.0060
Stewart, B., Ju, B., & Kendrick, K. D. (2019). Racial climate and inclusiveness in academic libraries: Perceptions of welcomeness among Black college students. The Library Quarterly, 89(1), 16–33. https://doi.org/10.1086/700661
Waling, A., & Roffee, J. A. (2018). Supporting LGBTIQ+ students in higher education in Australia: Diversity, inclusion and visibility. Health Education Journal, 77(6), 667–679. https://doi.org/10.1177/0017896918762233
Walton, G. M., & Cohen, G. L. (2011). A brief social-belonging intervention improves academic and health outcomes of minority students. Science, 331(6023), 1447–1451. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1198364
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Khaleedah Thomas, Meggan Houlihan

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The Creative Commons-Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike License 4.0 International applies to all works published by Evidence Based Library and Information Practice. Authors will retain copyright of the work.